Cardiac 2 Flashcards
How does a patient describe and MI
Elephant standing on his/her chest
What does a depressed ST segment indicate
Hypokalemia,Ischemia
Stable Angina
pain is predictable,moderate exertion,few mins, NTG works
Unstable Angina
unpredictable pain, can lead to MI, happens anytime even at rest, sleep,NTG or rest does not work
Describe nursing care of the patient following a neurovascular surgery as it relates to the limbs
following a procedure through the femoral artery or vein: ensure pressure is maintained, check pedal pulses, observe for bleedin
What does a P wave indicate
P waves present when the SA node fires into the right atrium, this is normal. Represents atrial depolarization/contraction
When would cardioverter defibrillation be used
in someone for example with ventricular tachycardia .The cardioconverter defibrillator sends a shock to the heart to correct arrythmias when felt
When do you use a defibrillator?
sudden cardiac death, ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation
Describe the symptoms patient reports with varicose veins
dull, cramps, heaviness especially with prolonged standing
Nursing education in Buerger’s disease what is a critical thing to tell patients
most important education is to stop smoking. Remember cause is unknown, associated with tobacco. Intermittent claudication, numbness, pale digits with cold exposure.NO CURE
Define atherosclerosis and what is happening
Atherosclerosis occurs from fatty and lipid deposits into arteries causing plaque and blockage
Venous Stasis Ulcers
educate your patient on measures of comfort and improvement of circulation e.g wear compression stockings
Aneurysm
out pouching of a arterial vessel wall
Abdominal aneurysm
4cm and above causes symptoms such as flank pain
Identify a low cholesterol diet
good fats e.g avocados, low fat, fruit and vegetables, oats, or whole grains
Subjective symptoms
what patient states (Headache)
Objective symptoms
Measureable by a professional (Diaphoresis)
Heart failure
insufficient heart bump
Goal of treatment of heart failure
to reduce workload of the heart
Identify nursing interventions for heart failure
Diet, Activity, Intake and Output, Daily weights, Lung crackles
Describe the strip of atrial fibrillation
No identifiable P waves, QRS complex measures 0.06 second and irregular, heart rate 120 beat/min
If 2 PACs are seen on a strip in a minute
continue to monitor the patient if patient is not symptomatic
Describe the normal cardiac tracing
has a p wave prior to QRS complex followed by a T wave then the isoelectric line.
The P wave occurs when the SA node fires and talk about the functioning of the rt atrium.
Describe atrial Flutter
Atrial flutter: a regular rhythm, a flutter of P waves with a sawtooth pattern,
QRS interval 0.08 second, and an atrial rate of 300 beat/min
