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ABSITE Dodie > Cardiac > Flashcards

Cardiac Flashcards

1
Q

What embryological vessel bridges the descending aorta and left pulmonary artery?

A

Ductus arteriosus

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2
Q

What embryological vessel bridges the portal vein and IVC?

A

Ductus venosum

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3
Q

Which congenital cardiac defects create a left to right shunt?

A

VSD, ASD, PDA

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4
Q

What is the MC congenital heart lesion?

A

VSD

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5
Q

What is 1st sign of a left to right shunt?

A

Hepatomegaly

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6
Q

What disease can lead to Left to Right shunt?

A

CHF

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7
Q

Initial Tx for CHF

A

Lasix + Digoxin

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8
Q

What congenital cardiac defects create a right to left shunt

A 
4 Ts:
Tetralogy of Fallot
Transposition of the great vessels
Truncus Arteriosus
Tricuspid Atresia
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9
Q

What is the MC cyanotic congenital heart lesion?

A

Tetralogy of Fallot

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10
Q

Initial Tx if cyanosis

A

oxygenated and deoxygenated blood mixing

If severe: PGE to keep the ductus open or Balloon Atrial Septostomy

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11
Q

What syndrome causes a right to left shunt caused from a left to right shunt?

A

Eisenmenger’s syndrome

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12
Q

What is the rate of spontaneous VSD closure by age 1

A

80%

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13
Q

When to repair a large VSD (>2.5)

A

1 year

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14
Q

What is the rate of spontaneous ASD closure by age 1

A

90%

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15
Q

MC type of ASD

A

Ostium secundum

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16
Q

Medical treatment for Patent Ductus Arteriosus

A

Indomethacin

17
Q

Surgical treatment for tricuspid atresia

A

Fontan (direct all vena cava blood to PA)

18
Q

Surgical treatment for Hypoplastic left heart syndrome?

A

Norwood

19
Q

MC area of congenital coarctation of aorta

A

distal to the left subclavian artery

20
Q

MCC of death in the US

A

Coronary Artery Disease

21
Q

MC atherosclerotic area of the coronaries: Distal or Proximal?

A

Proximal

22
Q

Best conduit for revascularization of coronaries?

A

Internal mammary artery (off subclavian arteries)

90% 20 year patency

23
Q

What is the #1 high mortality risk factor of CABG

A

pre-op cardiogenic shock

24
Q

When do complications occur after myocardial infarction?

A

3-7 days post-MI

25
Q

What is the DDX of mechanical complication post MI?

A
  1. Ventricular Septal Rupture
  2. Papillary Muscle Rupture
  3. Free Wall Rupture
26
Q

Symptom of Ventricular Septal Rupture

A

New holo-systolic murmur at right sternal border

ABSITE Dodie (3 decks)

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