Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

pharm 2 > Cardiac > Flashcards

Cardiac Flashcards

1
Q

ACE -pril class/use

A

Class - ACE inhibitor
Used for HTN, HF, diabetic neuropathy, LV dysfunction following MI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

ACE -pril SE

A

hypotension (following first dose), dry nonproductive cough, metallic taste/distorts taste, rash, angioedema, hyperkalemia, neutropenia (low WBC so increase risk for infection)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

ACE - pril Interventions

A

start low and work your way up, monitor BP, report cough, stop if angioedema occurs, monitor potassium levels, monitor WBC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

ACE -pril Administration

A

must be taken 2-3x daily for HTN, 3x for HF give one hour before meals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

ACE -pril teaching

A

dont use potassium supplements or anything with potassium in it, report palipations/twitching/weakness, dont take if pregnant or breast feeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

ACE -pril contraindications

A

angioedema, hypotension, liver disease with elevated liver enzymes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Sprinolactone class/use

A

Class- potassium sparing diuretic
Used for hypertension, symptoms of HF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Sprinolactone SE

A

hyperkalemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

spironolactone interventions

A

monitor for hyperkalemia, monitor BUN, creatine, make sure they arent taking another potassium sparing med

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is another potassium sparing diuretic (not spironolactone) and how long does it take to work

A

eplerenon - 4 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Spironolactone teaching

A

no potassium, report palpitations/twitching/weakness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Spironolactone contraindications

A

high potassium, type 2 diabetes with microaluminuria, abnormal creatine, lactation,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Carvedilol class/use

A

Class: betablocker mixed
Used for HTN, HF, prolonges survival following MI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Caredilol SE

A

dizzy, hypotension, bradycardia, exacerbation of asthma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

carvedilol interventions

A

monitor BP, report hypotension, monitor HR below 60

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Carvedilol admin

A

give with food to mimimize orthostatic hypotension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

carvedilol teaching

A

report dizziness, move slowly changing positions, dont drive until effects are known, check pulse daily report below 60bpm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

carvedilol contraindications

A

unstable HF, asthma, severe bradycardia, cardiogenic shock, lactation, pregnancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

ARBs -sartan class/use

A

class- ARBs
used for hypertension, prevent stroke (losartan)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

-Sartans SE

A

andioedema, headache, dizziness, hypotension, insomnia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

-sartans interventions

A

stop if angioedema, report CNS effects, monitor BP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

-Sartans teaching

A

report frequent headaches, report fainting/dizziness, dont take if pregnant or breast feeding,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

-sartans contraindications

A

pregnancy, children younger then 6, low creatine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

metoprolol, bisoprolol, esmolol class/use

A

Class - cardioselective betablocker
used for HTN, treat angina, decrease mortality from MI,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

metoprolol, bisoprolol, esmolol SE

A

bradycardia, HF, rebound excitation (causing angina or MI with sudden withdrawl of bb)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

metoprolol, bisoprolol, esmolol interventions

A

monitor HR (report below 60), report signs of HF, do not stop abruptly, taper over 1-2 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

metoprolol, bisoprolol, esmolol admin

A

start IV first then oral, take at same time with food,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

metoprolol, bisoprolol, esmolol contraindications

A

bradycardia, moderate-severe HF, cardiogenic shock,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

digoxin class/use

A

Class - inotropic
used for HF, cardiac dysrhythmias (afib, aflutter, a tachy)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

digoxin SE

A

dysrhythmias, GI symptoms (can be early sign of toxicity), CNS symptoms (fatigue, visual disturbances - halo_

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

digoxin interventions

A

vomiting could mean hypokalemia, monitor GI symptoms, monitor digoxin levels, monitor potassium, monitor cardiac rhythm,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

digoxin teaching

A

report vomiting, headache, visual disturbances, take at same time do not double dose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

digoxin contraindications

A

uncontrolled ventricular dysrhythmias, AV block, severe heart disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

clonidine class/use

A

class - adrenergic inhibiting agent
used for hypertension, pain relief, ADHD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

clonidine SE

A

CNS effects (drowsiness), dry mouth, rebound hypertensive crisis is discontinued abruptly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

clonidine admin

A

oral given at bedtime, start slowly and work your way up, taper off, patch placed once every 7 days, take at night,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

clonidine contraindications

A

Anticoagulant therapy

38
Q

lidocaine class/use

A

class - antiarrhythmics
used for ventricular dysrhythmias caused by MI, cardiac surgery

39
Q

lidocaine SE

A

CNS effects (confusion, drowsiness, restlessness), respiratory arrest, tremors, hypotension, bradycardia,

40
Q

lidocaine teaching

A

IM only for emergency, report numbness of lips, continue cardiac monitoring,

41
Q

lidocaine contraindications

A

supreventricular dysrhythmias, untreated bradycardia, heart block

42
Q

propanolol class/use

A

class - noncardio selective betablocker
used for cardiac tachydysrhythmias, HTN,

43
Q

propanolol SE

A

bradycardia, HF, rebound excitation causing angina or MI with sudden withdrawl, CNS effects (confusion, fatigue, drowsiness)

44
Q

propanolol interventions

A

monitor HR report below 60, monitor signs of HF, do not stop abruptly, taper of 1-2 weeks, monitor color/pulse/temp of extremities, monitor CNS effects

45
Q

propanolol contraindications

A

bradycardia, pulmonary edema, mitral or aortic valve disease, cardiogenic shock, asthma, severe COPD

46
Q

amiodarone class/use

A

class- antiarrhythmics
used for ventricular tachycardia or fib, may treat a fib

47
Q

amiodarone SE

A

GI symptoms, pulmonary toxicity (fever cough SOB), dizziness, fatigue, bradycardia, hypotension, blue-grey discoloration of the skin

48
Q

amiodarone interventions

A

monitor GI symptoms, test baseline chest xray and pulmonary function test before, listen to lungs, monitor pulse, monitor BP, monitor weight changes, give at same time of the day, can take with milk, wear sunglasses outside, avoid driving

49
Q

amiodarone contraindications

A

shock, bradycardia, heart block, server hepatic disease

50
Q

verapamil class/use

A

class - calcium channel blocker
used for -convert SVT to normal sinus, slow afib, angina, hypertensive

51
Q

what are some other calcium channel blockers besides verapamil

A

Diltiazem, Amlodipine, Nicardipine

52
Q

verapamil SE

A

Hypotension, Bradycardia, Heart failure, peripheral edema of feet and legs, Lightheadedness, dizziness

53
Q

verapamil interventions

A

monitor cardia rhythm, monitor BP (hold for systolic below 90), monitor HR (below 60 hold), monitor I/O, report edema,

54
Q

verapamil teaching

A

do not increase dose, check pulse, dont drive

55
Q

verapamil contraindications

A

systolic less then 90, cardiogenic shock, second/third degree AV block

56
Q

hydralazine class/use

A

class- direct acting vasodilators
used for Moderate to severe hypotension, Hypertensive crisis

57
Q

hydralazine SE

A

Headache, dizziness, weakness and fatigue, Reflex Tachycardia, Fluid retention, edema, Abrupt withdrawal can cause hypertensive crisis and heart failure

58
Q

hydralazine interventions

A

monitor pulse, report tachycardia, report facial rash, joint pain, monitor for edema, crackles in the lungs, taper off, take with food

59
Q

hydralazine teaching

A

start low, dont stop abruptly, avoid strenous activity,

60
Q

statins class/use

A

class - Cholesterol Lowering Agents
used for reduce LDL and triglycerides, increase HDL

61
Q

statins SE

A

myopathy (muscle pain), hepatotoxic

62
Q

statins interventions

A

report myopathy, monitor liver function

63
Q

statins admin

A

tkae at night

64
Q

statins contraindications

A

liver disease, elevated ALT/AST, children younger then 8

65
Q

milirone class/use

A

class - Inotropic/Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors
used for Short-term treatment of low cardiac output in heart failure

66
Q

milirone SE

A

hypokalemia, cardiac dysrhythmias, hypotension, angina

67
Q

milirone interventions

A

Monitor potassium levels, Monitor vital signs and ECG rhythm continuously, Monitor for chest pain during infusion

68
Q

milirone admin

A

Give a loading dose over 10 minutes and then administer a dose based
on client’s weight by continuous infusion

69
Q

milirone contraindications

A

Aortic or pulmonary valve disorder, Acute MI

70
Q

Furosemide class/use

A

class- loop diuretic
used for Treats pulmonary edema in heart failure, edema caused by renal, hepatic or cardiac failure not affected by
other diuretics, hypertension not controlled by other diuretics

71
Q

furosemide SE

A

Electrolyte imbalance: hyponatremia, hypochloremia, severe fluid loss
(dehydration), and hypokalemia, hypotension, ototoxicity, hyperglycemia, increased uric acid

72
Q

furosemide admin

A

give oral with food, IV undiluted, protect all forms from light

73
Q

furosemide teaching

A

Eat foods rich in potassium, Report signs of electrolyte imbalance, Avoid hazardous activities, Report new onset of hearing loss, ringing in ears, or vertigo, monitor DM for hyperglycemia,

74
Q

furosemide contraindications

A

hepatic coma, electrolyte imbalance, anuria

75
Q

Nitroglycerin class/use

A

class - direct vasodilators
used for severe unstable angina attacks and to control blood pressure perioperatively and to treat heart failure after acute MI

76
Q

nitroglycerin SE

A

headache, orthostatic hypotension, tachycardia, can build tolerance

77
Q

Nitroglycerin interventions

A

monitor baseline HR and BP, monitor for drug tolerance, give in the smallest form needed,

78
Q

Nitroglycerin admin

A

Nitroglycerin available as sublingual tablets, sustained-release capsules or tablets, a translingual spray or transmucosal tablets, transdermal ointment or patch, and IV form, sublingual max 3 every 5 min if not call 911,

79
Q

Nitroglycerin contraindications

A

pregnancy, lactation, anemia, taminade, pericarditis, uncontrolled hypovolemia

80
Q

Hydrochlorothiazide class/use

A

class- thiazide diuretic
used for HTN, cirrhosis of liver and renal failure

81
Q

Hydrochlorothiazide SE

A

electrolyte imbalance (low sodium/potassium), hyperglycemia, increased uric acid

82
Q

Hydrochlorothiazide interventions

A

monitor electrolytes, monitor glucose (more frequently for DM), monitor uric acid

83
Q

Hydrochlorothiazide admin

A

give with food to decrease GI effects, last dose latest by 3pm to minimize nocturia

84
Q

Hydrochlorothiazide teaching

A

eat potassium, report signs of elctrolyte imbalances

85
Q

Hydrochlorothiazide contraindications

A

anuria, electrolyte imbalances

86
Q

Fibrates class/use

A

class- cholesterol lower agents
used for lower triglycerides and increase HDL

87
Q

Fibrates SE

A

GI symtoms (nausea, abdominal pain, diarrhea), gallstones, myopathy, liver toxicity

88
Q

fibrates interventions

A

report GI symptoms, gall bladder disease, and myopathy, monitor CPK for muscle pain and monitor liver function

89
Q

fibrates admin

A

2x per day 30 min before breakfest and dinner,

90
Q

fibrates contraindications

A

gall bladder disease, liver dysfunction, severe renal impairment

91
Q

atropine class/use

A

class - anticholinergic
used to increase HR

92
Q

atropine SE

A

anticholinergic effects (constipation, urinary retention, dry mouth)

pharm 2 (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions