Carcinogens Flashcards
1
Q
What is a carcinogen?
A
Agent,chemicalorphysical,thatcausesorinduces neoplasia(cancer)
2
Q
Indirect-acting?
A
Agents that need metabolic activation to bind to DNA
Produce effect at target tissue where metabolic activation of chemical occurs
3
Q
Direct-acting?
A
Agents bindtoDNAwithoutmetabolism. Produceeffectatthesiteofexposure
4
Q
Stages of carcinogenesis?
A
- .) Initiation - stable
- ) Promotion - preneoplastic lesion
- ) Progression - neoplastic cancer
5
Q
Two leading causes of cancer?
A
Diet and tobacco
6
Q
AMEs test?
A
Assess the mutagenic potential of chemical compounds
7
Q
Short-term test for Mutagenicity?
A
Primary DNA dmg: DNA repair in vivo or in vitro
Endpoint:Unchecked DNA synthesis and/or break
