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General oral > Carburetors > Flashcards

Carburetors Flashcards

1
Q

Name 2 fuel systems:

A

Gravity fed and pressurized

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2
Q

Ways to prevent vapor lock?

A

1) Use correct vapor pressure fuel
2) Route fuel lines away from sources of heat
3) Use boosts pumps to maintain constant pressure
4) Avoid sharp bends and steep rises to fuel line routing

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3
Q

What does aviation fuel have that automobile fuel doesnt?

A

Dyes

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4
Q

What is a stoichiometric mixture?

A

The chemically best mixture for completely burning all of the molecules of the mixture. 15:1

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5
Q

12:1 is the best mixture for?

A

power and also burns the hottest

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6
Q

16:1 is the best mixture for?

A

Cruise when all 4 forces of the aircraft are in equilibrium.

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7
Q

9:1 is the best mixture for?

A

Idle

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8
Q

At higher power settings a rich mixture of ______ or _______ are used.

A

10:1, 11:1

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9
Q

Rich mixtures tend to?

A

Cool the engine more.

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10
Q

Lean mixtures tend to?

A

Cause low combustion temps, but high cylinder head temps.

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11
Q

Whats flame propagation?

A

Speed of the flame front as it is burning.

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12
Q

Good flame propagation speed is?

A

25 to 100 ft/sec

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13
Q

Whats detonation?

A

An explosion rather than a controlled burn. 4000 ft/sec

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14
Q

Six main systems of a float carburetor:

A

1) Main metering system
2) Idle system
3) Power enrichment/ Economizer
4) Accelerator system
5) Idle cut off
6) Mixture control

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15
Q

Main metering system has six components..

A

1) Throttle body
2) Venturi
3) Main discharge nozzle
4) Main air bleed
5) Passage to idle
6) Main metering jet

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16
Q

Surface tension?

A

The characteristic of a liquid to adhere to itself or to a container

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17
Q

3 benefits of a venturi?

A

Helps proportion fuel/air mixture, Decreases pressure at discharge nozzle and limits airflow at full throttle.

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18
Q

Main metering jet?

A

Measures or meters fuel at all speeds above idle.

19
Q

Most engines idle at what rpm?

A

600 to 900

20
Q

What do valves do?

A

Regulate

21
Q

What do jets and bleeds do?

A

Jets measure or meter fluids and bleeds measure or meter gases/vapor.

22
Q

What color is 80 octane?

A

Red

23
Q

What color is 100 low lead?

A

Blue

24
Q

What color is 100 octane?

A

Green

25
Q

What color is 115/145 octane?

A

Purple

26
Q

The first number in the ratio is _____. The second number is ______.

A

Air, Fuel

27
Q

What are 4 causes of lean mixtures?

A

1) Causes engine overheat
2) Excessive engine wear
3) Loss of power
4) Engine backfiring

28
Q

What are some causes of rich mixtures?

A

1) Loss of power
2) Excessive fuel consumption
3) Pre ignition
4) fouled spark plugs

29
Q

Define impact ice.

A

Ice that forms from operating in adverse weather conditions. Tends to form in areas where there is an abrupt turn or steep angle.

30
Q

Define Throttle ice.

A

Ice that forms on the induction side of throttle plate where there is an area of low pressure from piston suction. Usually happens when throttle plate is partially closed.

31
Q

Define evaporation ice.

A

Usually forms where the fuel is atomizing at the discharge nozzle. Fuel atomizing can cause the surrounding temp to drop by 50 degrees F.

32
Q

Whats Bernoulli’s theorem?

A

Pressure and velocity are inversely proportional when a fluid is flowing smoothly.

33
Q

When restrictors are in series, only the _______ jet or bleed does the metering.

A

smallest

34
Q

Whats a standard NASA day?

A
  • Dry day
  • 0% humidity at sea level
  • 40 degrees N. latitude
  • 59 degrees F ; 15 degrees Celsius
  • 14.7 psi
  • 29.92 in hg
35
Q

Archimedes principle:

A

As the upward force of a liquid to overcome the forces of gravity on an object.

Weight of the fluid displaced weighs more than the object, the object will float.

If weight of fluid displaced weighs less than the object then the object will sink.

36
Q

Define absolute humidity.

A

The actual amount of water vapor present in a mixture of air and water.

37
Q

Define relative humidity.

A

The ratio of the amount of water vapor present in a mixture of air and water compared to the amount that would be present if the atmosphere was saturated at the prevailing temperature and pressure.

38
Q

The mixture control is controlling the air because of?

A

Air density

39
Q

Engines that started as auto engines then got manufactured to plane engines are?

A

Revmaster, Aeromax aviation and Great Plains engine.

40
Q

On light sport aircraft engines with two carburetors, synchronization must be performed as follows:

A

Mechanical synchronization first followed by pneumatic synchronization second.

41
Q

In addition to idle speed adjustment during synchronization, what else needs to be achieved?

A

Full take off rpm

42
Q

How does oil get to the carburetor of a light sport engine?

A

Either by a gravity fed system or an oil injection system.

43
Q

How must you turn off an engine with a carburetor?

A

Idle cutoff

General oral (4 decks)

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