Carbs lab Flashcards
reduction of cupric ions to cuprous ions , forming cuprous oxide in a hot alkaline solution by glucose
alkaline copper oxide
in the alkaline copper reduction method, glucose reacts with _____ in a hot alkaline solution forming ____
alkaline copper tartrate ; cuprous oxide
in folin wu method, what does cuprous ions react with?
phosphomolybdate
end product in folin wu method
phosphomolybdic acid or phosphomolybdenum blue
in nelson somogyi method, cuprous ions reacts with
arsenomolybdate
end product of nelson somogyi method
arsenomolybdic acid
in neocuprein method, cuprous ion reacts with
neocuprein
end product in neocuprein method
cuprous-neocuprein complex
color of the end product in neocuprein method
yellow to yellow orange
reagent used in neocuprein method
2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenantroline Hydrochloride
used for the detection and quantification of reducing substances
Benedict’s method
end product of Benedict’s method
brick red precipitate
uses ___ or ___ as stabilizing agents
citrate or tartrate
involved reduction of yellow ferricyanide to a colorless ferrocyanide
alkaline ferric reduction method (hagedorn jensen)
end product is colorless
inverse colorimetry
methods under oxidation reaction
-alkaline copper reduction method
-alkaline ferric reduction method
the end product is green colored
ortho-toluidine method (dubowski method)
what compounds react in the ortho toluidine method to form a green color product?
glucose + aromatic amines
enzymes used in glucose dehydrogenase
mutarotase
glucose dehydrogenase
diaphorase
converts alpha-D-glucose to beta-D-glucose
mutarotase
converts beta-D-glucose + NAD to D-gluconolactone + NADP
glucose dehydrogenase
in glucose dehydrogenase, this is done to detect color
diaphorase
relationship of NADH and glucose concentration in glucose dehydrogenase
proportional (amount of NADH produced is proportional to glucose concentration in the sample)
substances that can cause falsely decreased glucose values in the glucose oxidase method?
increased level of uric acid
bilirubin
ascorbic acid
can cause falsely increase glucose values in the glucose oxidase method?
presence of bleach
how is the colored complex in colorimetric glucose oxidase method quantified?
spectrophotometrically
used as a coupling enzyme in colorimetric glucose oxidase method
glucose oxidase and peroxidase
chromogen used in colorimetric glucose oxidase method
3-methyl-2-benzothiazolinone hydrazone and
N,N- dimethylaniline
this method measures the rate of oxygen consumption, which is proportional to glucose concentration
polarographic glucose oxidase
role of catalase in polarographic glucose oxidase metjod
catalyzes the reaction of H2O2 + ethanol to acetaldehyde
this catalyzes the reaction: H2O2 + iodide to iodine
molybdate
most specific method for glucose measurements
hoxokinase method
reference method for glucose testing
hexokinase method
how is the hexokinase method measured spectrophotometrically?
by measuring the disappearance of NADPH at 340 nm
produced by the liver through metabolism of fatty acids
ketones
3 types of ketone bodies produced by the liver
acetone (2%)
acetoacetic acid (20%)
3-beta-hydroxybutyric acid (70%) -most common
specimen used for detecting ketone
serum or urine
ferric chloride reacted with acetoacetic acid to produce red color, what test is used?
Gerhardt’s test
___ reacts with acetoacetic acid to produce a purple color
sodium nitroprusside
___ reacted with acetoacetic acid to produce red color
ferric chloride
enzyme used in the enzymatic test for ketones (detects acetoacetic acid or 3-beta-hydroxybutyric acid)
3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (detects acetoacetic acid)
is defined as persistent
albuminuria in two out of three urine collections of 30
to 300 mg/24 h, 20 to 200 μg/min, or an albumin –
creatinine ratio of 30 to 300 μg/mg creatinine
microalbuminuria
clinical proteinuria or microalbuminuria is established with an albumin-creatine ratio of what?
greater than or equal to 300 mg/24h, greater than 200 micro gram/min or greater than or equal to 300 microgram/miligram
type of urine collections are used to assessing albumin-creatine ratio
-random spot collection
-24 hr collection
-timed 4 hour overnight collection
