Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Bio Chem > Carbs And Lipids > Flashcards

Carbs And Lipids Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Periodic Table flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards AP® Chemistry flashcards Biology 101 flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are monosacharrides classification based on

A
  • # of carbons
  • Nature of carbonyl
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which sugars have chiral centers

A

-aldoses w/h +3 Cs
- ketoses w/h +4 Cs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

in glucose … out of the 6Cs are chiral

A

4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

in fructose… out of the 6 Cs are chiral

A

3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

D- or L- configurations are decided by ?

A

Configurations of -OH at the C farthest from R-CO-R

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

In glucose which carbon is the highest asymmetric carbon ?

A

C5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Type of polysaccharides

A

Starch, Glycogen, Cellulose , Chitin, Proteoglycan, Glycoproteins, Peptidoglycan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is starch? what twp polymers make up starch?

A

Mixture of glucose polymers
Amylose ( 20-25%)
Amylopectin (75-80%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

structure of amylose?

A

linear chains with 1-4 linkage
left handed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Structure of amylopectin

A

linear chains with 1-4 linkage
-branches at every 24-30 residues with 1-6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Function of glycogen

A

Storage polysaccharides in animals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the structure of glycogen

A

every 8-12 residues have a 1-6 branch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Function of cellulose

A

key in plant cell walls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what makes cellulose vital in cell walls

A

rigidity and mechanical strength against osmotic stress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is the structure of cellulose

A

linear homopolymer of b-d Glucose linked by beta 1-4 linkages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

how do the chains lie in cellulose

A

side by side staggered

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what do the chains in cellulose form

A

sheets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what are the three types of H-bonding in cellulose

A

intrastrand, interstrand and intersheet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

why are the three H-bonding in cellulose key

A

provide strength and resistant to hydrolysis, insoluble

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Where is chitin found

A

in exoskeleton of crustaceans insects and spiders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

structure of chitin

A

similar to cellulose
beta 1-4 linkages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what do chitin have thats important

A

extended linear chains made of N-acetyl-glucosamine (GlcNAc)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what bonding is key in chitin

A

H-bonding similar to cellulose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What do Proteogylcans contain

A

glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what is the backbone of proteoglycans

A

Hyaluronic acid polymers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What are glycoproteins and their job

A

sugars on proteins
responsible for targeting, sorting, recognition, protection from degradation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Modifications by sugars are… encoded in DNA

A

NOT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What links sugars to proteins

A

Glycoprotein via glycosylation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Function of peptidoglycan

A

Forms bacterial cell walls for protection in hypotonic medium

30
Q

What is responsible for virulence

A

Peptidoglycan

31
Q

What is the structure of Peptidoglycan

A

polymer of beta 1-4 linked GlcNAc/Nama disaccharide unit

32
Q

What is peptidoglycan linked to

A

tetra-peptide

33
Q

O-linked is linked to

A

OH group of Ser or Thr side of chain

34
Q

N-Linked is to

A

amide N of Asn side chain

34
Q

What bond is in Fatty acids

A

double bonds

34
Q

characteristics in Fatty Acids

A

unsaturated

35
Q

Do unsaturated have double or single bongs

A

double bonds

35
Q

double bonds in FA are usually …. at every ….. bond

A

Cis: Third

36
Q

melting point for saturated FA….

A

as molecular mass increases melting point also increases

37
Q

What type of bonds are free to rotate, very flexible and stackable?

A

Single C-C bond

38
Q

What bond has minimal steric inference and stronger hydrophobic interactions?

A

Single C-C- bonds

39
Q

What bonds introduce kinks?

A

double bonded carbon bonding

40
Q

What is not found in biological membranes?

A

Triaclyglycerols

41
Q

Triacylglycerols are…

A

-nonpolar, water-insoluble FA triesters of glycerol
- Efficient energy reservoirs in animals
- synthesized/stored in adipocytes

42
Q

Hydrophobic a.a. are on the inside or outside?

A

outside

43
Q

Membrane proteins are … in aqueous solutions

A

Insoluble

44
Q

Three types of membrane proteins

A

Integral
peripheral
lipid-linked proteins

45
Q

integral proteins are tightly linked via…

A

Hydrophobic interactions

46
Q

What is a detergent

A

Agents that separate integral proteins

47
Q

What does the removal of integral proteins do

A

disrupt the membrane

48
Q

Peripheral proteins are …. by simple treatment

A

Dissociated

49
Q

Peripheral proteins are … in aqueous solutions

A

soluble

50
Q

Which membrane protein can be linked to other proteins?

A

Peripheral

51
Q

Which protein is anchored to the membrane

A

Lipid-linked

52
Q

where do lipid-linked proteins generally present

A

on the inner leaflets of lipid bilayer

53
Q

Glycoproteins are on the…

A

outer leaflets

54
Q

Which protein is intrinsic and the other is extrinsic

A

Integral : Peripheral

55
Q

Peripheral proteins interact with the surface through…

A

Electrostatic and H-bonding

56
Q

Properties of Facilitated Transport

A

-Spontaneous
- Via specific proteins
- High selectivity
- Sensitive to inhibitors that react react with protein side chains
- can be saturated

57
Q

Properties of Active transport

A

Solutes are “ pumped” against electrochemical gradient

58
Q

What are the three main mechanism

A
  • Coupled Carrier
  • ATP- driven pump
    -Light- driven pump
59
Q

Coupled carrier??

A

uphill transport compensated by another solute going down hill

60
Q

What is the ATP pump driven by

A

ATP hydrolysis

61
Q

what is light-driven pump powered by

A

Photons

62
Q

what is a uniporter transport

A

one type of molcecule in one direction

63
Q

What is symporter

A

Transports 2 solutes in the same direction

64
Q

What is a antiporter

A

Transports 2 solutes in the opposite direction

65
Q

What are the stimuli for channel proteins

A

-Change of voltage across the membrane (voltage-gated channel)
- Ligand binding (ligand-gated channel) from either outside or inside
-Mechanical stress (mechanically-gated/stress-gated channel)

66
Q

how many subunits does k+ channel have

A

4

67
Q

What charge ion is at the cytoslic end

A

Negative charged that attract cations

68
Q

What is key to Carbonyl Oxygen key for

A

precise separation

69
Q

What ion fits in the diameter of the pore by ion filter

A

K+

Bio Chem (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions