Carbs

Question 1

breaking of the disaccharide through splitting
the water molecule into OH group and H atom;
common in digestion

Answer 1

Hydrolysis

Question 2

Linking two monosaccharides as evident
with the formation of water molecule
from OH group and H atom

Answer 2

Condensation

Question 3

Also known as sugar alcohols Group of low-digestible carbohydrates,
derived from the hydrogenation of their sugar
or syrup source

Answer 3

Polyols

Question 4

Made from high maltose corn syrup Used more as a food ingredient as drying
ingredient

Answer 4

SUGAR ALCOHOL: MANNITOL

Question 5

Derived from glucose Has been used to delay the onset of hunger

Answer 5

SUGAR ALCOHOL: SORBITOL

Question 6

Found in fibers of many fruits and vegetables
Has about the same sweetness as sucrose, but
yields less calories (2.4 kcal/g)

Answer 6

SUGAR ALCOHOL: XYLITOL

Question 7

Known as the complex carbohydrates, they
are made up of 10 or more monosaccharides
(chains of monosaccharides).

Answer 7

Polysaccharide

Question 8

Chains of glucose linked together; found in
plants such as grains
World’s most abundant and cheap form of
carbohydrate

Answer 8

Starch

Question 9

Starch molecules have two components

Answer 9

-amylose (a straight chain of glucose units)
-amylopectin (a branched chain)

Question 10

Intermediate products in the hydrolysis of
starch intermediate product of starch
digestion or is formed from partial hydrolysis
of starch

Answer 10

Dextrin

Question 11

Storage form of carbohydrates in meal as
reserved energy; not a common dietary source
of carbohydrate
Sometimes called animal starch

Answer 11

Glycogen

Question 12

Also known as neosugar
Complex carbohydrate that act like soluble
fiber
Lower intestinal pH by producing short chain
fatty acids

Answer 12

Fructo-oligosaccharides

Question 13

Complex carbohydrate that comes from the
family of fructooligosaccharide and acts like
soluble fiber

Answer 13

Inulin

Question 14

Also called roughage
Indigestible part of the food derived from
plant sources and contains polysaccharides such
as cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin, gums,
mucilages and lignins

Answer 14

Fiber

Question 15

Natural gel-forming fibers (alter solubility or
enzyme hydrolysis); B-glucans, psyllium, pectin,
guar gum, oligosaccharides; ferments in the
colon for lowering cholesterol, obesity risks,
CVD, DM, colon cancer

Answer 15

Soluble fiber

Question 16

cellulose, lignin, hemicellulose; 10-15%
fermented for stool bulks and prevent
constipation

Answer 16

Insoluble fiber

Question 17

These are carbohydrates with 3-
10 monosaccharidesml.

Answer 17

Oligosaccharides

Question 18

A fiber made of galacturonic acid and other
monosaccharides
Because it absorbs water and forms a gel, it is
often used in jams and jellies

Answer 18

SOLUBLE FIBER: PECTIN

Question 19

Contain galactose, mannose and other
monosaccharides
Similar to gum in structure

Answer 19

SOLUBLE FIBER: MUCILAGES

Question 20

Contain galactose, glucuronic acid and other
monosaccharides
Sources are include oats, legumes, guar and
barley

Answer 20

SOLUBLE FIBER: GUMS

Question 21

Obtained from a seed of a plant known as
genus plantago ovata
Composed of 80% dietary fiber and small
amounts of protein, fat, vitamins and minerls

Answer 21

SOLUBLE FIBER: PSYLLIUM

Question 22

Most well known dietary fiber
A nonstarch carbohydrate polymermade of a
straight chain of glucose molecules linked by
beta bonds

Answer 22

INSOLUBLE FIBER: CELLULOSE

Question 23

A nonstarch carbohydrate polymer made of
glucose, galactose, xylose and other
monosaccharides

Answer 23

INSOLUBLE FIBER: HEMICELLULOSE

Question 24

A noncarbohydrate polymer containing
alcohols and acids
A woody fiber found in wheat bran and the
seeds of fruits and vegetables

Answer 24

INSOLUBLE FIBER: LIGNIN