Carboxylic Acids & Alcohols Flashcards
Carboxylic Acids with between 1-4 Carbon atoms are what?
Very soluble in water
In a carboxylic acid, which carbon atom is numbered 1?
The Carboxyl carbon atom in the COOH is always numbers Carbon 1
Why are Carboxylic acids with between 1-4 carbons very soluble in water?
Because of the highly polar C=O and O-H bonds that allow the Carboxylic acid to form HYDROGEN BONDS with water molecules.
However, as the no. Of Carbon atoms increases in the Carboxylic acid chain, the more the SOLUBILITY decreases.
Why is it that when there are more carbon atoms in a Carboxylic acid chain, the solubility decreases?
This is the result of the LONGER, NON-POLAR hydrocarbon chain in the molecule which does not interact with water molecules.
Carboxylic Acids are “what” in comparison to HNO3, HCl and H2SO4?
Weak acids
Carboxylic acids take part in typical acid reactions.
What are they? (3)
- Metals
- Carbonates
- Bases
The typical acid reactions all create salts.
What is the name for a Carboxylic acid salt and what is the formula?
CARBOXYLATES
COO-
is the carboxylate ion.
Complete the table:
Methanoic Acid forms the Carboxylate/Salt Methanoate
Ethanoic Acid ▶️
Propanoic Acid ▶️
But anoxic Acid ▶️
Ethanoate
Propanoate
Butanoate
State the products fromed from a Carboxylic acid and a Carbonate reaction and any observations that would be seen.
Products:
- Salts
- CO2
- H2O
Observations:
EFFERVESCENCE
State the products fromed from a Carboxylic acid and a METAL HYDROXIDE reaction and any observations that would be seen.
Products:
- Salt (Carboxylate)
- H2O
Observations:
N/A
State the products fromed from a Carboxylic acid and a METAL reaction and any observations that would be seen.
Products:
- Salt (Carboxylate)
- H2
Observations:
Gas bubbling
Complete the equation for Methanoic Acid + Sodium Carbonate
HCOOH + Na2CO3 ▶️
Sodium Methanoate + CO2 + H2O
2HCOOH +Na2CO3 ▶️ 2HCOO-Na+ + CO2 + H2O
