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A2 Chemistry 4 - Whats In A Medicine > Carboxylic Acids > Flashcards

Carboxylic Acids Flashcards

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0
Q

Does carboxlyic acids have a high enough or low concentration of hydrogen ions?

A

High enough

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1
Q

How strong is the acidic strength of carboxlyic acids out of all the weak acids?

A

Strongest (pH 3/4)

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2
Q

When water reacts with carboxlyic acid what is formed?

A 
Oxonium ion (H3O+)
Carboxylate ion (COO-)
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3
Q

How stable is the COO- ion formed from the carboxlyic acid?

A

Very stable - this stability determines how strong the acid is

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4
Q

What happens to the highly stable COO- ion?

A

Negative charge on oxygen shared w/ others
This electric charge spread out by delocalisation - involves spreading of electrons over an ion
Charge spread across COO- therefore more stable

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5
Q

What is produced when carboxlyic acid reacts with an alkali such as NaOH?

A

Forms it’s sodium salt (and water)

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6
Q

What is produced when carboxlyic acid reacts with carbonates such as sodium carbonate?

A

The sodium salt of the acid is produced

in addition to fizzing land carbon dioxide gas

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7
Q

What is the test for a carboxlyic acid?

A

React with carbonate, carbon dioxide gas given off, test with limewater - goes cloudy

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8
Q

Carboxylic acids react with what to form an ester?

A

An alcohol

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9
Q

What is the name for the type of reaction that occurs between a carboxlyic acid and alcohol?

A

Condensation reaction

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10
Q

What is esterification?

A

The formation of an ester link from the condensation reaction of the -OH from the alcohol and the -COOH from the carboxylic acid

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11
Q

What are the reagents and conditions for the condensation reaction between alcohols and carboxlyic acids?

A

Few drops of conc sulphuric(VI) acid

Heat under reflux

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12
Q

Why is a small amount of acid added to the condensation reaction between alcohols and carboxlyic acids?

A

This reaction is very slow so the acid catalyses it

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13
Q

What molecule is eliminated from the condensation reaction between alcohols and carboxylic acids?

A

Water

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14
Q

Why is water distilled off during the condensation reaction between alcohols and carboxylic acids?

A

This shifts equilibrium to the right - therefore produces a higher yield

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15
Q

What is another way to shift the equilibrium to the right and produce a higher yield during a condensation reaction between alcohols and carboxylic acids?

A

Add excess alcohol

A2 Chemistry 4 - Whats In A Medicine (7 decks)

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