Carboxylic Acid Derivatives

Question 1

Acid Halide Nomenclature

Answer 1

Change -ic acid to -oyl halide

Question 2

Acid Anhydride Nomenclature

Answer 2

Replace acid in the parent name with anhydride

Question 3

Amides and Imides Nomenclature

Answer 3

Drop -ic or -oic acid and replace with -amide`

Question 4

Carboxylic Ester Nomenclature

Answer 4

Change -ic or -oic acid to -ate

Question 5

Nitrile Nomenclature

Answer 5

Change -ic or -oic acid to -onitrile

Question 6

Acidity of amide and sulfonamide derivatives

Answer 6

Acetamide > Benzenesulfonamide > Succinimide > Phthalimide

Question 7

Relative reactivity of carboxylic acid derivatives

Answer 7

Acid halide > anhydride > ester > amide

Question 8

What group does not react with alcohols?

Answer 8

Amides

Question 9

What is the product of an aldol reaction?

Answer 9

A beta-hydroxyaldehyde or a beta-hydroxyketone

Question 10

Increasing leaving ability

Answer 10

X- > RCOO- > RO- > R2N-

Question 11

Reagents for acid catalyzed hydrolysis of ester & amide

Answer 11

p-TsOH, H2O (above arrow)

heat, 180ºC (below arrow)

Question 12

Reagents for base catalyzed hydrolysis of ester & amide

Answer 12

NaOH/H2O (above arrow)

heat (below arrow)

Question 13

Reagents for acid catalyzed nitrile hydrolysis

Answer 13

2 eq. H2O
H2SO4
THEN ON ARROW: H2O and heat

Question 14

Reagents for base catalyzed nitrile hydrolysis

Answer 14

NaOH, H2O

heat

Question 15

Reagents for acid halides with alcohols

Answer 15

Hindered base. Et3N, Diisopropylethylamine, pyridine for example

Question 16

Reagents for amides with alcohols

Answer 16

Acid (HCl/H2O)

Question 17

Reagents for reductions of ethers (LAH)

Answer 17

1) LiAlH4, ether

2) H2O/HCl

Question 18

Reagents for reduction of amides

Answer 18

1) LiAlH4

2) H2O

Question 19

Reagents for reductions of ethers (DIBAL-H)

Answer 19

1) DIBAL-H, toluene, -78ºC

2) H2O/HCl

Question 20

Reagents for reduction of nitriles

Answer 20

1) LiAlH4

2) H2O

Question 21

Reactants in Claisen condensation

Answer 21

1) EtO-Na+

2) HCl/H2O