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Light and Carbon Reactions of Photosynthesis > Carbon reactions > Flashcards

Carbon reactions Flashcards

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Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

What happens to atmospheric CO2 every year

A

> 10% reduced to carbohydrate by photosynthetic organisms

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2
Q

How much nitrogen gas in atmosphere

A

78%

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3
Q

How much oxygen gas in atmosphere

A

21%

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4
Q

How much argon in atmosphere

A

1%

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5
Q

How much carbon dioxide in atmosphere

A

0.04% (trace gas)

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6
Q

Carbon reactions

A

Accelerate in presence of light but can occur without it - used NADPH and ATP from light reactions, take place in stromal matrix of chloroplast

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7
Q

How was Calvin Benson cycle discovered

A

By using 14CO2 in pulse-chase experiments - use 2D paper chromatographic techniques and radioautography comparisons made with organic compound controls- spots eluted from paper and identified with MS and IR spec.

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8
Q

When was radioactivity seen in PGA

A

After 5s in COOH, after 30s two other carbons became labelled

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9
Q

What is the CO2 acceptor

A

Expect 2C acceptor but instead 5C - ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate

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10
Q

What does calvin cycle require

A

ATP, NADPH, CO2, RuBP, RuBisCO

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11
Q

How many turns of the calvin cycle produces 1 glucose

A

6

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12
Q

Plant carbohydrate stores

A
  1. Starch (amylose) similar to glycogen (chloroplasts) 2. Sucrose (cytosol)
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13
Q

How many ATPs used for six rounds of calvin cycle

A

18

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14
Q

How many ATps used for C4 Calcin cycle

A

30

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15
Q

What is the most abundant protein in nature

A

Rubisco

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16
Q

Role of magnesium and CO2

A

Mg2+ with CO2 at lysine –> carbamate. Activates bound RuBP so that it can react with substrate CO2

17
Q

Photorespiration

A

Rubisco can’t distinguish fully between CO2 and O2 - gets worse at higher temperatures

18
Q

What does photorespiration produce

A

Phosphoglycolate (toxic) and 3-phosphoglycerate

19
Q

How do we deal with the oxygenation problem

A

C4 pathway

Light and Carbon Reactions of Photosynthesis (4 decks)

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