Carbon Cycle Interaction With Arctic

Question 1

What is the reflection of the sun from the earth’s surface known as?

Answer 1

Albido

Question 2

What month is the minimum amount of ice found in the arctic and why

Answer 2

The water takes a long time to heat up, so it warms up throughout the summer and produces the most heat then.

Question 3

When is the arctic said to be ice free?

Answer 3

When ice cover is at 1,000,000 km2

Question 4

How much have temperatures increased in the arctic compared to everywhere else

Answer 4

Reflective surfaces decreased due to increase in overall temperature due to global warming, therefore there’s an increase of 2/3 times faster than everywhere else.

Question 5

Which ice has started to melt in the recent years, why is this of growing concern.

Answer 5

The older ice, this is a concern as the newer ice isn’t as strong and melts easier.

Question 6

What type of feedback is water and ice in the arctic? (90% ice 10 % water)

Answer 6

Positive feedback, lower amounts of ice means more water which warms fast and can therefore melt more ice.

Question 7

How does melting of the arctic due to climate change affect salinity?

Answer 7

Salinity decreases as there’s an increased concentration of water due to the melting of glacial landforms.

Question 8

How does climate change affect permafrost, and why are the effects positive feedback

Answer 8

It ends up melting permafrost, which is a carbon sink, this release therefore gives off co2 to the atmosphere, which aids the process of climate change.

Question 9

How does ice melting affect resource availability?

Answer 9

Melting gives more access to oil and gas, gold, diamonds, etc… It’s thought that 30% of natural gas is stored here, and 13% of the world’s oil reserves are here.

Question 10

What are the causes in sea level change?

Answer 10

Melting of terrestrial ice - increase temperatures in summer and less preciptiation in winter.

Question 11

How does thermal expansion affect sea level change?

Answer 11

As water heats up it expands. Half of the rise of sea level is due to this.

Question 12

How has sea level changed rom 1995 from 2020

Answer 12

Since 1995, sea level has overall increased by around 200m. It’s increasing at an increasing rate. From 1900 to 1980, we observed a 100mm rise, but from 1980 to 2020 we observed a rise of 100mm in 2/3 of the previous time scale.

Question 13

How has sea level changed rom 1995 from 2020

Answer 13

Since 1995, sea level has overall increased by around 200m. It’s increasing at an increasing rate. From 1900 to 1980, we observed a 100mm rise, but from 1980 to 2020 we observed a rise of 100mm in 2/3 of the previous time scale.