Carbon and Its Compounds

Question 1

Covalently bonded molecules
1) strong bonds within ?
2) inter- molecular forces are ?

Answer 1

1) strong bonds within molecules
2) inter- molecular forces are weak

Question 2

Allotropy

Answer 2

The existence of an element in different physical forms is Allotropy.
Examples- O2, O3
S8
Graphite and diamond -natural
Man made - fullerenes C60

Question 3

Define catenation

Answer 3

Carbon has the unique ability to form bonds with other atoms of carbon, giving rise to large molecules. This is called catenation.

Question 4

Reason why carbon compounds form strong bonds

Answer 4

1)it’s small size, this enables the nucleus to hold on to the shared pairs of electrons strongly
Since they are strong bonds they are exceptionally stable.

Question 5

Ammonium cyanate chemical formula and the product formed after was

Answer 5

CH4N2O
Product formed after - urea

Question 6

Saturated hydrocarbons

Answer 6

• all four valencies of carbon are satisfied by a single bond
• are also known as paraffins or alkanes
• General formula CnH2n+2

Question 7

Unsaturated hydrocarbons

Answer 7

• two carbon atoms are bonded with each other by a double or triple bond
  *depending on the bond they are satisfied as - Alkene -double bond Alkyne - triple bond

Question 8

Structural isomers

Answer 8

Compounds with identical molecular formula but different structures are called structural isomers.

Question 9

Cyclohexane

Answer 9

C6H12

Question 10

The elements replacing hydrogen in hydrocarbons are called

Answer 10

Heteroatom

Question 11

Define functional groups

Answer 11

A group of atoms that define the function of the hydrocarbons they get attached to and has the similar chemical properties whenever it appears in various compounds.