carbohyrdates

Question 1

What are the roles of carbohydrates? Can
you name any examples?

Answer 1

Energy source
e.g., glucose

Energy storage
e.g., starch

Structural e.g.,
cellulose

Question 2

carbohydrates elements

Answer 2

Carbon

Hydrogen

Oxygen

Question 3

ratio

Answer 3

For every carbon atom in a carbohydrate, there are usually two
hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. The ratio of C:H:O is 1:2:1.

Question 4

A single sugar unit

Answer 4

monosaccharide

Question 5

Two monosaccharides link together

Answer 5

disaccharide

Question 6

Many monosaccharides link together

Answer 6

polysaccharide.

Question 7

Monomers

Answer 7

small, basic molecular units, e.g.,
monosaccharides

Question 8

Polymers

Answer 8

large, complex molecules composed of long
chains of monomers joined together, e.g., cellulose, starch and proteins.

Question 9

glucose

Answer 9

6 carbon atoms and is therefore a hexose
monosaccharide.

Glucose has the chemical formula C6H12O6

There are two forms of glucose: alpha (α) and beta (β)

Question 10

Alpha glucose

Answer 10

H on top on C1

Question 11

beta glucose

Answer 11

H at bottom of C1

Question 12

Maltose

Answer 12

two glucose molecules

Question 13

Lactose

Answer 13

glucose and galactose

Question 14

Sucrose

Answer 14

glucose and fructose

Question 15

Pentoses

Answer 15

contain five carbon atoms.

Question 16

ribose

Answer 16

has OH at bottom on C2

Question 17

deoxyribose

Answer 17

does not have O at bottom of C2

Question 18

How disaccharides are formed

Answer 18

condensation reaction between two hydroxyl groups of two alpha glucose molecules
bond form between C1 of one and C4 of another, 1-4 glycosidic bond