Carbohydrates1: Monosaccharides and Disaccharides 1A.2

Question 1

Macromolecules

Answer 1

Is a giant molecule made of many repeating units. Such molecules are called polymers and the individual unit are called monomers

Question 2

Condensation

Answer 2

The monomers are covalently linked to make a polymer by removing water

Question 3

Hydrolysis

Answer 3

The polymer could be broken down by the addition of water

Question 4

The elements found in Carbohydrates, Lipids, Protein and Nucleic acid

Answer 4

-Carbohydrates: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen(CHO)
-Lipids: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen(CHO)
-Protein: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen(CHON)
-Nucleic acid: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus(CHONP)

Question 5

Carbohydrates general formula

Answer 5

(CH2O)n or Cn(H2O)n

Question 6

Monosaccharide example

Answer 6

-glucose
-fructoe
-ribose

Question 7

Disaccharide example

Answer 7

-sucrose
-maltose
-lactose

Question 8

Polysaccharide example

Answer 8

-starch
-cellulose
-glycogen

Question 9

Monosaccharide

Answer 9

Simple sugar units which make up all other carbohydrates that cannot be further hydrolyzed into smaller units.
Respiration can break it down further down.

Question 10

alpha-glucose

Answer 10

Its the primary substrate in cellular respiration and provide energy for most metabolic reaction

Question 11

beta-glucose

Answer 11

Is a component of the cellulose microfibrils that are found in the cell of wall of palnts

Question 12

Where are ribose and deoxynucleic acid is found?

Answer 12

Ribose is found in nucleotides that form ribonucleic acid (mRNA, tRNA,rRNA)
Deoxynucleic acid is found in the DNA

Question 13

Disaccharide

Answer 13

Two monosaccharides can be linked by glycosidic bonds to form disaccharides
2[(CH2O)]-H2O

Question 14

Condensation of Monosaccharides

Answer 14

Glucose+Glucose = Maltose + Water
Glucose+Fructose = Sucrose + Water
Glucose+Galactose = Lactose + Water

Question 15

How is starch broken down?

Answer 15

By hydrolysis