Carbohydrates - monosaccharides

Question 1

What’s the name for carbon-containing molecules?

Answer 1

Organic molecules.

Question 2

What elements make up biological molecules?

Answer 2

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen.

Question 3

What is a saccharide?

Answer 3

In carbohydrate, the basic monomer unit is sugar, known as a saccharide.

Question 4

Describe monosaccharide.

Answer 4

Sweet tasting
Soluble substances
General formula- (CH2O)n - n to be any number between 3-7

Question 5

Draw alpha glucose and beta glucose

Answer 5

Draw on a piece of paper.

Question 6

What are reducing sugars?

Answer 6

All monosaccharides and some disaccharides e.g. maltose are reducing sugars. Reducing sugars is a sugar which can donate electrons to reduce another chemical.

Question 7

What’s the name for the reducing sugar test?

Answer 7

Benedict’s test.

Question 8

What is the reagent used in Benedict’s test?

Answer 8

An alkaline solution of copper (II) sulfate.

Question 9

Describe the process of Benedict’s test.

Answer 9

Sugar is heated with Benedict’s reagent to form an insoluble red precipitate of copper (I) oxide.

1) Add 2cm3 of the food sample into the test tube, must be in LIQUID form, otherwise, grind it up first.
2) Add an equal volume of Benedict’s reagent.
3) Heat the mixture in gently boiling water for 5 mins, if the mixture turns ORANGE-BROWN, reducing sugar is PRESENT.