Carbohydrates - Monogastric

Question 1

What is the definition of a nutrient?

Answer 1

A nutrient is a chemical substance that is supplied by the diet & which animals need to stay alive.

Question 2

What are the essential Nutrients?

Answer 2

Amino Acids, Carbohydrates, Fatty Acids, Vitamins, Minerals & water.

Question 3

What are the steps of formulating a diet?

Answer 3

1. know the animals various nutrient requirements.
2. Know the levels of nutrients in available feedstuffs.
3. Put feeds together in a combination to meet requirements.
4. If more than one suitable combo, choose the cheapest.

Question 4

Why do we feed pigs/poultry carbs?

Answer 4

• lean tissue growth ( energy & amino acids)
• Fat deposition ( energy)
• Maintenance ( energy & amino acids)

Question 5

List the monosaccharides

Answer 5

Glucose/ Fructose/ galactose.

Question 6

What are Di & poly-saccharides broken into?

Answer 6

Di & poly-saccharides are hydrolyzed into monosaccharides prior to absorption.

Question 7

What is the function of the mouth in monogastrics?

Answer 7

Mechanical breakdown of food by chewing - reduces particle size, increases surface area for enzyme action)
Saliva added as lubricant - in some species contains amylase.

Question 8

What is the function of the oesophagus in monogastrics?

Answer 8

Tube connecting the mouth to the stomach

Question 9

What is the function of the stomach in monogastrics?

Answer 9

Enzymatic breakdown of protein begins.
Food stuffs reduced to liquid form.

Question 10

What is the function of the Liver in monogastrics?

Answer 10

Centre of Metabolic activity in the body.
Major role in digestive process is to provide Bile Salts to small intestine SI ( needed for the digestion & absorption of fats)

Question 11

What should the pH of the stomach be?

Answer 11

pH>less than 4 required

Question 12

What is the function of the stomach?

Answer 12

Secrete HCL.
Secrete pepsinogen > protein digestion.
Regulate movement of digesta into small intestine.
Barrier to harmful microorganisms.

Question 13

function of the Pancreas

Answer 13

Provide a potent mixture of digestive enzymes to the small intestine to help in digestion of fats, carbs & proteins.

Question 14

Functions of the Small Intestine

Answer 14

3 Sections - Duodenum, jejenum, ileum.

site of final stages of enzymatic digestion.

Where almost all nutrients are absorbed.