Carbohydrates And Lipids

Question 1

What are the 5 types of Monosaccharides

Answer 1

Glucose 6 sides
Fructose 5 sides
Galactose 6 sides
Deoxyribose 5 sides
Ribose 5 sides.

Question 2

What are the three types of Disaccharides

Answer 2

Maltose: Glucose and Glucose
Lactose:Glucose and Galactose
Sucrose: Glucose and Fructose

Question 3

What are the three main types of poll saccharides

Answer 3

Cellulose ->Cell Wall
Starch -> Energy Source during cellular respiration
Glycogen —> Energy source and counterpart of starch in animals

Question 4

What is the process of splitting monomers ?

Answer 4

Hydrolysis where water is used to separate the monomers

Question 5

What is the name of the covenant bond in monosaccharides?

Answer 5

Glycosidic Linkage

Question 6

List three functions for carbohydrates within cells

Answer 6

Short-term energy source (e.g. glycogen and starch)
1. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Structural component (e.g. cellulose in plant cell walls)
2. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Cell recognition and signalling (e.g. glycoproteins in plasma membrane

Question 7

What are the two main types of polysaccharides ?

Answer 7

Amylopectin: May have 1-4 glucosidic bond or 1-6
Amylose: Only 1-4 glycosidic bond

Question 8

What are lipids?

Answer 8

Lipids are a group of substances in living organisms that dissolve in non polar solvents such as ethanol and are hydrophobic.

Question 9

What is the Element composition of Biomolecuoes

Answer 9

Carbohydrates: CHO
Lipids:CHOO
Proteins:CHOON
Nucleic Acids:CHONP

Question 10

What is the basic structure of a lipid

Answer 10

A fatty acid which has a carboxyl group where the carbon is double bonded to oxygen and hydroxyl group another oxygen and hydrogen is bonded

Question 11

How to differentiate saturated and un saturated

Answer 11

Saturated has a single bond between carbons
Unsaturated has a double bond between carbons

Question 12

Difference between monounsaturated and polyunsaturated

Answer 12

Mono saturated has only one double bond between carbons
Polyunsaturated has more than one double bond between carbons

Question 13

Unsaturated fats types and how to identify

Answer 13

Cris fatty acids have their hydrogen atoms bonded to form a v and they are bonded
Trans fatty acids: Are not bonded and have hydrogens in opposite sides

Question 14

Good vs bad

Answer 14

Trans fats and saturated fats are bad
Cis fats are good

Question 15

What are triglycerides?

Answer 15

Triglycerides are formed by condensation from three fatty acids and one glycerol, with water being created. The bond which is created is called ester bond

Question 16

Main difference between lipids and carbohydrates

Answer 16

Carbohydrates are short term energy storage
Lipids are long term energy storage

Question 17

Proteins have amino acids which have the centers structure ?

Answer 17

Of NCC which is bibdeded to a amine group and a carboxyl group , as well one h and finally r group

Question 18

What is the name of the bond between proteins ?

Answer 18

A peptide bond is formed when two amino acids are. Joined

Question 19

What are the different protein structures

Answer 19

Primary Structure:Chain of Amino acids with peptide bonds
Secondary Structure: hydrogen binding if the peptide backbon which caused amino acids to fold into pleated sheets and alpha helixes
Tertiary Structure:More interactions between r groups to fold the protein three ionic bonds, hydrogen bonds, disulfide linkage and hydrophobic linkages
Quaternary Structure: Multiple tertiary structures

Question 20

Desaturation

Answer 20

The process of proteins being unfolded three heat or by deviation of ph which will not allow it to do the work