Carbohydrates and Lipids

Question 1

Examples of monosaccharide hexoses

Answer 1

Glucose, fructose, and galactose

Question 2

Monosaccharide hexose, responsible for cellular respiration and ATP production within cells

Answer 2

Glucose

Question 3

Monosaccharide hexose and simple sugar in fruits

Answer 3

Fructose

Question 4

Monosaccharide hexose and simple sugar in milks

Answer 4

Galactose

Question 5

Examples of monosaccharide pentoses

Answer 5

Ribose and deoxyribose

Question 6

Monosaccharide pentose sugar that makes up RNA

Answer 6

Ribose

Question 7

Monosaccharide pentose sugar that makes up DNA

Answer 7

Deoxyribose

Question 8

Bond formed in a nucleotide between a sugar and a phosphate

Answer 8

Ester bonds

Question 9

A molecule used by the cell for energy and is bonded to sugars through ester bonds

Answer 9

Phosphates

Question 10

Bonds formed between monosaccharide molecules to create larger and more complex molecules

Answer 10

Glyosidic bonds

Question 11

A molecule composed of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen, and is the building block of all carbohydrates

Answer 11

Monomers

Question 12

Two monosaccharides bonded together through dehydration/condensation (anabolic reactions) in a glyosidic bond

Answer 12

Disaccharides

Question 13

Examples of disaccharides

Answer 13

Maltose, lactose, and sucrose

Question 14

Disaccharide sugar found in malt and broken down by the enzyme maltase

Answer 14

Maltose

Question 15

Disaccharide sugar found in milk and broken down by the enzyme lactase

Answer 15

Lactose

Question 16

Disaccharide sugar found in plants and broken down by the enzyme sucrase; table sugar is modified off of this molecule

Answer 16

Sucrose

Question 17

Multiple monosaccharides bonded together through dehydration/condensation (anabolic reactions) in a glyosidic bond, forming a large chain

Answer 17

Polysaccharides

Question 18

Examples of polysaccharides

Answer 18

Starch (amylose, amylopectin), cellulose, glycogen

Question 19

Polysaccharide, energy found in plant roots

Answer 19

Starch

Question 20

An unbranched polysaccharide starch, formed by a 1-4 glyosidic bond chain

Answer 20

Amylose

Question 21

A branched polysaccharide starch, formed by a 1-4 glyosidic bond chain with 1-6 glyosidic bond off branching chains

Answer 21

Amylopectin

Question 22

An unbranched polysaccharide, formed by a 1-4 hydrogen bond chain. It’s used in plant wall structure

Answer 22

Cellulose

Question 23

A highly branched polysaccharide starch, formed by a 1-4 glyosidic bond chain with 1-6 glyosidic bond off branching chains. It’s found in the liver and muscle cells and is used for energy storage

Answer 23

Glycogen

Question 24

Lipids that make up fats and oils made up of three fatty acids linked to a 3 glycerol alcohol molecules by ester bond

Answer 24

Triglycerides

Question 25

A lipid composed of a 3 part hydrophilic head attached to 2 fatty acids, one being saturated and the other unsaturated

Answer 25

Phospholipids

Question 26

Hydrophobic carbon and hydrogen chains found in lipids

Answer 26

Fatty acids

Question 27

A lipid composed of a bent backbone of 3 hexoses and one pentose

Answer 27

Steroids

Question 28

A lipid composed of a single fatty acid linked to an alcohol molecule

Answer 28

Waxes

Question 29

Fats that don’t have a double bond, and are often seen as bad for you

Answer 29

Saturated fats

Question 30

Fats that do have a double bond, and are often seen as good for you. Can come as either polyunsaturated fats that have multiple bonds or monounsaturated fats that have only one

Answer 30

Unsaturated fats