Carbohydrates Flashcards
1
Q
Types of carbohydrates
A
- Glucose
- maltose
- lactose
- starch
- glycogen
- cellulose
2
Q
What is a monosaccharide?
A
Small organic molecules used as building blocks for more complex carbohydrates.
3
Q
What is an isomer?
A
the Same
4
Q
What is a disaccharides?
A
Formed when two monosaccharides join together by a glycosidic bond.
5
Q
What is a condensation reaction?
A
- takes out water in the process
- two molecules combine.
6
Q
Type of disaccharides:
A
- Maltose
- sucrose
- lactose
7
Q
Bonding of disaccharides:
A
Glucose + fructose = sucrose
Glucose + glucose = maltose
Glucose + galactose = lactase
8
Q
What is starch?
A
- many alpha glucose joined together by glycosidic bonds
9
Q
What are the polysaccharides of starch?
A
- amylose
- amylopectin
10
Q
What is amylose?
A
- formed by alpha glucose molecules joined together by 1 to 4 glycosidic bonds
- Angled bonds so that amylose form a double helix structure meaning that amylose is compact and much less soluble when a polysaccharides
11
Q
What is amylopectin?
A
- between C1 and C6
- has a branched structure.
12
Q
What is the hydrolysis reaction?
A
- uses water to break down a molecule
