Carbohydrates

Question 1

Carbohydrates

Answer 1

referred to as saccharides (sugar)

Question 2

Carbohydrates classification

Answer 2

three major groups- (based on number of sugar units)

1. Monosaccharide
2. Oligosaccharide
3. Polysaccharide

Question 3

Monosaccharide and oligosaccharide are

Answer 3

sweet, crystalline, soluble in water

Question 4

Monosaccharides

what is its general formula?

Answer 4

simplest group of carbohydrates (often referred to as simple sugars)
general formula- Cn(H2O)n.
they cannot be further hydrolized

Question 5

Monosaccharide classification 
     (based on functional group)

Answer 5

Aldoses

Ketoses

Question 6

Aldoses

Answer 6

When the functional group in monosaccharide is an aldehyde (-CHO), they are known as aldoses.
Eg. glyceraldehyde, fructose

Question 7

Ketoses

Answer 7

When the functional group is a keto (-CO) group, they are referred to as ketoses.
Eg. dihydroxyacetone, fructose

Question 8

Monosaccharide classification
      (based on number of carbon atoms)

Answer 8

Trioses (3C)
Tetroses (4C)
Pentoses (5C)
Hexoses (6C)

Question 9

Glucose is classified as

Answer 9

aldohexose

Question 10

Fructose is classifies as

Answer 10

Ketohexose

Question 11

Oligosaccharides

Answer 11

Oligosaccharides contain 2-10 monosaccharides molecules which are liberated on hydrolysis

Question 12

Oligosaccharides classification with examples

Answer 12

Disaccharides: sucrose, lactose, maltose
Trisaccharides: raffinose
Tetrasaccharides: stachyose
Pentasaccharides: verbascose

Question 13

Polysaccharide

Answer 13

Polysaccharides are polymers of monosaccharide units with high molecular weight. They are usually tastless and form colloids with water.

Question 14

Two types of Polysaccharides

Answer 14

Homopolysaccharides: eg; starch, cellulose, glycogen,dextrin
Heteropolysaccharide: eg: hyalouronic acid, chondroitin sulphate, heparin

Question 15

Starch

Answer 15

Glucose polymer
Amylose and Amylopectin
Amylose- Linear,