Carbohydrates Flashcards

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1
Q

What are carbohydrates made up of?

A

Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

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2
Q

What monomers form to make starch?

A

Amylose and amylopectin

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3
Q

What is starch?

A

Starch is a polysaccharide

  • insoluble
  • compact
  • found ONLY in plant cells
  • stores glucose
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4
Q

What is Cellulose?

A

Cellulose is a polysaccharide

  • polymer of glucose
  • weak hyrogen bonds cause molecule to be long and staight
  • several cellulose molecules lie side by side to form microfibrils
    • microfibrils strengthen plant cell walls
  • found ONLY in plant cells
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5
Q

Glucose + Glucose → ?

A

Glucose + Glucose → Maltose + Water

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6
Q

Glucose + Fructose → ?

A

Glucose + Fructose → Sucrose + Water

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7
Q

What reaction occurs when two monosaccharides join to make a disaccharide?

A

Condensation reaction

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8
Q

Draw an alpha glucose molecule

A
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9
Q

Draw a beta glucose molecule

A
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10
Q

What is a lipid?

A

OIls and fats

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11
Q

What’s a triglycerides?

A

A group of lipids that consist of 1 molecule of glycerol with 3 fatty acids attached to it

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12
Q

What is a fatty acid molecule?

A

Long chain of carbon atoms with an acidic group (-COOH) at one end.

Hydrogens are attached to the carbons.

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13
Q

What are phospholipids?

A

Like triglycerides but instead of 3 fatty acid chains, there are 2 fatty acid chains and a phospate gorup

  • Cell membranes have a double layer of phospholipids
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