Carbohydrates Flashcards
What are carbohydrates made up of?
Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
What monomers form to make starch?
Amylose and amylopectin
What is starch?
Starch is a polysaccharide
- insoluble
- compact
- found ONLY in plant cells
- stores glucose
What is Cellulose?
Cellulose is a polysaccharide
- polymer of glucose
- weak hyrogen bonds cause molecule to be long and staight
- several cellulose molecules lie side by side to form microfibrils
- microfibrils strengthen plant cell walls
- found ONLY in plant cells
Glucose + Glucose → ?
Glucose + Glucose → Maltose + Water
Glucose + Fructose → ?
Glucose + Fructose → Sucrose + Water
What reaction occurs when two monosaccharides join to make a disaccharide?
Condensation reaction
Draw an alpha glucose molecule
Draw a beta glucose molecule
What is a lipid?
OIls and fats
What’s a triglycerides?
A group of lipids that consist of 1 molecule of glycerol with 3 fatty acids attached to it
What is a fatty acid molecule?
Long chain of carbon atoms with an acidic group (-COOH) at one end.
Hydrogens are attached to the carbons.
What are phospholipids?
Like triglycerides but instead of 3 fatty acid chains, there are 2 fatty acid chains and a phospate gorup
- Cell membranes have a double layer of phospholipids
