Carbohydrates

Question 1

hydrates of carbon, polyhydroxy aldehyde or ketone

Answer 1

Carbohydrates

Question 2

first product formed in photosynthesis

Answer 2

carbohydrates

Question 3

cannot be hydrolyzed into simple sugars
- based on functional group: aldose and ketose
- based on the no of carbons

Answer 3

monosaccharides

Question 4

simplest monosaccharide which does not occur free in nature

Answer 4

diose (hydroxyacetaldehyde)

Question 5

2 example of triose :

Answer 5

glyceraldehyde and dihydroxyacetone

Question 6

An aldose that has 2 carbons (diose)

Answer 6

Hydroxyacetaldehyde

Question 7

An aldose and ketose that has 3 carbons (triose)

Answer 7

Aldose - Glyceraldehyde
Ketose- Dihydroxyacetone

Question 8

An aldose that is Tetrose/ have 4 carbons

Answer 8

Erythrose

Question 9

A Ketose that is tetrose/ have four carbons

Answer 9

Erythrulose

Question 10

Pentose / 5 carbons

Answer 10

Aldose- Arabinose, Ribose, Xylose
Ketose - Ribulose

Question 11

Hexose/ 6 carbons

Answer 11

Aldose - Glucose and Galactose
Ketose - Fructose

Question 12

a monosaccharide that occurs commonly in nature and usually as products of hydrolysis of hemicelluloses,gums and mucilages

Answer 12

Pentose

Question 13

also known as “wood sugar”, a diagnostic aid for intestinal malabsorption, absorb but not metabolize

Answer 13

Xylose

Question 14

3 classification of carbohydrates

Answer 14

• monosaccharides
• oligosaccharides
• polysaccharides

Question 15

it has 2-10 sugar units

Answer 15

oligosaccharides

Question 16

have greater than 10 sugar units

Answer 16

polysaccharides

Question 17

examples of

Answer 17

glucose and galactose

Question 18

examples of ketose

Answer 18

fructose and erythrose

Question 19

2 carbons is called diose and an example of aldose

Answer 19

hydroxyacetaldehyde

Question 20

the most important monossacharides found in plants

Answer 20

hexose

Question 21

examples of hexose:

Answer 21

D fructose (levulose)
D glucose (dextrose, grape sugar,physiologic sugar)

Question 22

the sweetest monosaccharide

Answer 22

D-fructose (levulose)

Question 23

Glucose it is an aldohexose that generally forms a 6 membered called

Answer 23

pyranose

Question 24

Fructose is a ketohexose and can exist in 2 cyclic forms named:

Answer 24

-fructofuranose
-fructopyranose

Question 25

a form when fructose id present in oligosaccharides and polysaccharides

Answer 25

fructofuranose

Question 26

a form when structure of crystalline sugar

Answer 26

fructopyranose

Question 27

a non reducing sugar in disacchardide also known as a D-glucopyranosyl-3-D fructofuranoside) - upon hydrolysis sucrose yields invert sugar, which consists of equimolecular quantities of glucose and fructose

Answer 27

Sucrose

Question 28

produced in large quantities by the hydrolysis of starch - reducing sugar and upon hydrolysis, yields 2 glucose

Answer 28

maltose

Question 29

widely distributed in fungi and a non reducing sugar

Answer 29

trehalose

Question 30

also known as milk sugar and a reducing sugar

Answer 30

lactose

Question 31

general test for carbohydrates and have positive result: formation of purple ring in the interface of two layers - In monosaccharides it has faster rate and in Disaccharides and polysaccharides has slower rate

Answer 31

Molisch test

Question 32

test for the presence of pentose and a bluish color as a positive result

Answer 32

Bial’s test

Question 33

test for ketose and a formation of red product is the positive result - Aldoses will also react with this test but in a much more slowly with ketoses Dissacharide —— And therefore will react to Seliwanoff's rgnt slowly

Answer 33

Seliwanoff Test

Answer 34

Barfoed test

Question 35

Test for the presence of starch and has formation of blue-black complex as positive result

Answer 35

Iodine test

Question 36

The common reagent used in Fehling test

Answer 36

Fehling B - rochelle salt (sodium potassium tartrate)

Question 37

The common reagent used in Fehling test

Answer 37

Fehling B - rochelle salt (sodium potassium tartrate)