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H2 Biology > Carbohydrates > Flashcards

Carbohydrates Flashcards

1
Q

Glycosidic bond

A

Bond formed between two saccharides in a condensation reaction; can be broken by hydrolysis

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2
Q

Maltose

A
  • Glucose + Glucose
  • From breakdown of starch by amylase
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3
Q

Lactose

A
  • Glucose + Galactose
  • Exclusively from milk
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4
Q

Sucrose

A
  • Glucose + Fructose
  • Abundant in plants
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5
Q

Starch

A
  • Polymer of a-glucose
  • Mixture of amylose and amylopectin
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6
Q

Amylose

A
  • 300 Glucose molecules
  • Unbranched helical chain
  • Compact helical shape
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7
Q

Amylopectin

A
  • 1300-1500 Glucose molecules
  • Branched chain; multi-branched compact polymer
  • Closely packed brush shape
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8
Q

Glycogen

A
  • Polymer of a-glucose
  • Similar to amylopectin but has shorter chains and is more highly branched
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9
Q

Cellulose

A
  • Polymer of b-glucose
  • 40 chains aggregate to form micelles
  • Micelles embed in a matric of other polymers to form ribbon-like microfibrils
  • Microfibrils further aggregate to form macro fibrils
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10
Q
A
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H2 Biology (10 decks)

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