Carbohydrates Flashcards
1
Q
Glycosidic bond
A
Bond formed between two saccharides in a condensation reaction; can be broken by hydrolysis
2
Q
Maltose
A
- Glucose + Glucose
- From breakdown of starch by amylase
3
Q
Lactose
A
- Glucose + Galactose
- Exclusively from milk
4
Q
Sucrose
A
- Glucose + Fructose
- Abundant in plants
5
Q
Starch
A
- Polymer of a-glucose
- Mixture of amylose and amylopectin
6
Q
Amylose
A
- 300 Glucose molecules
- Unbranched helical chain
- Compact helical shape
7
Q
Amylopectin
A
- 1300-1500 Glucose molecules
- Branched chain; multi-branched compact polymer
- Closely packed brush shape
8
Q
Glycogen
A
- Polymer of a-glucose
- Similar to amylopectin but has shorter chains and is more highly branched
9
Q
Cellulose
A
- Polymer of b-glucose
- 40 chains aggregate to form micelles
- Micelles embed in a matric of other polymers to form ribbon-like microfibrils
- Microfibrils further aggregate to form macro fibrils
10
Q
A
