Carbohydrates Flashcards
Where is the end product of carbohydrates digested?
Intestine
What is the function of glucose?
Provides energy for life processes
What happens to glucose when collected and other tubes besides sodium fluoride?
Glucose levels decrease by approximately 10 mg/dL per hour in while blood
Which anticoagulant slows down glycolysis?
Sodium fluoride
How is arterial glucose values different from capillary glucose values?
2 - 3 mg/dL higher
What is the normal CSF glucose values compare to the plasma glucose level
2/3 of plasma levels
What is the source of the inulin hormone?
β cells of Islets of Langerhens of pancreas
What is the source of glucagon hormone?
α cells of pancreas
What is the source of ACTH and growth hormone?
Anterior pituitary gland
What is the source of the cortisol hormone?
Adrenal cortex
What is the source of the human placenta lactogen?
Placenta
What is the source of epinephrine?
Adrenal medulla
What is the source of T3 and T4?
Thyroid gland
Which hormones will decrease glucose levels?
Insulin
Which hormones will increase glucose levels?
Glucose
ACTH
Growth Hormone
Cortisol
Human placental lactogen
Epinephrine
T3 & T4
What is the action of insulin?
Stimulates glucose uptake by cells
What is the action of glucagon?
Stimulates glycogenolysis (Breakdown of glycogen –> Glucose)
What is the action of ACTH?
Insulin antagonist
What is the action of growth hormone?
Insulin antagonist
Acromegaly = hyperglycemia
What is the action of cortisol?
Stimulates gluconeogenesis (glucose from non-carbohydrate sources)
What is the action of human placenta lactogen?
Insulin antagonist
What is the action of epinephrine?
Stimulates glycogenolysis
Pheochromocytoma-tumor of adrenal medulla –> hyperglycemia
What is the action of T3 and T4?
Stimulates glycogenolysis
