Carbohydrates Flashcards
Carbohydrates are usually found in what ratio of C, H, and O
1C to 2H to 1O
What bonds in carbohydrates help them store bonds?
C-H and C-C non-polar bonds
What bonds in carbohydrates make them hydrophilic
C=O polar bond and -OH functional group
The monomers of carbohydrates
Monosaccharides
Examples of monosaccharides
Glucose, Fructose, and Galactose
What differs in between monosaccharides
no. of carbons, location of C=O bond, and orientation of -OH group
Monosaccharides are covalently bonded together using __________ linkages to form larger molecules
glycosidic linkages
______________ are many monosaccharides covalently linked together
Polysaccharides
_________ used to store energy in plants
Starch
_______ used to store energy in animals
Glycogen
__________ is a structural carbohydrate used by plants – cannot be digested by humans
Cellulose
Another key function of carbohydrates used between cells
Cell-Cell Interactions
What is “dietary fiber”?
Cellulose
Three factors that differentiate monosaccharides
- # of Carbons
- the position of the double bond C=O
- orientation of the -OH group
What’s a factor that could cause a different isomer of the same monosaccharide?
orientation of the -OH group in the ring form