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Biological Molecules > Carbohydrates > Flashcards

Carbohydrates Flashcards

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Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are the 3 elements that make up a carbohydrate?

A

Carbon, oxygen, hydrogen

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2
Q

What are the 2 types of glucose?

A

Alpha and Beta

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3
Q

What is the difference between alpha and beta glucose?

A

Alpha has the hydroxyl at the bottom, while Beta has it at the top

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4
Q

What are the 3 disaccharides?

A

Maltose, Sucrose and Lactose

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5
Q

How is maltose formed?

A

2 glucose molecules

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6
Q

How is sucrose formed?

A

1 glucose and 1 fructose

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7
Q

How is lactose formed?

A

1 glucose and 1 galactose

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8
Q

What are 3 polysaccharides?

A

Starch, Glycogen and cellulose

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9
Q

What are the 2 parts of starch?

A

Amylose and amylopectin

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10
Q

What is the structure of amylose?

A

Alpha glucose, 1,4 glycosidic bonds, coiled, insoluble, in plants

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11
Q

What is the function of amylose?

A

Storage in plants

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12
Q

What is the structure of amylopectin?

A

Alpha glucose, 1,4 and 1,6 glycosidic bonds, branched, in plants

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13
Q

What is the function of amylopectin?

A

Storage in plants, more easily accessible than amylose

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14
Q

What is the structure of glycogen?

A

Alpha glucose, 1,4 and 1,6 glycosidic bonds, branched, insoluble, in mammals

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15
Q

What is the function of glycogen?

A

Provide mammals with energy

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16
Q

What is the structure of cellulose?

A

Beta glucose, 1,4 glycosidic bonds, every other molecule is flipped 180, layers join to form microfibrils and macrofibrils, in plant cell walls

Biological Molecules (6 decks)

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