carbohydrates Flashcards

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1
Q

3 monosaccharides

A

glucose, frutose, galactose

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2
Q

type of reaction and bond when two monosaccharides react

A

condensation reaction, glycosidic bond

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3
Q

alpha glucose

A

down, down, up, down

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4
Q

beta glucose

A

up, down, up, down

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5
Q

reaction to form maltose

A

a glucose + a glucose -> maltose + water -> C1, C4 glycosidic bond

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6
Q

3 disaccharides

A

maltose, lactose, sucrose

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7
Q

reaction to form sucrose

A

a glucose + fructose -> sucrose + water

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8
Q

reaction to form lactose

A

a glucose + galactose -> lactose + water

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9
Q

monosaccharide “function group”

A

OH

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10
Q

disaccharide “functional” group

A

C-O-C

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11
Q

are glycosidic bonds reversible

A

yes

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12
Q

why are the glucoses’ isomers and hexoses

A

they are isomers as they have the same structure, but are just have a subtle structural difference which affects the properties
they are hexoses as they have 6 carbons

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13
Q

hydrolosis reaction

A

addition of water to break bonds in compounds back in to monomers

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14
Q

condensation reactions

A

formed between reactions monomers when a water molecule is released

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15
Q

polysaccharide examples + brief info

A

starch, glycogen, cellulose
they are NOT sugars, and are formed from repeated condensation reactions

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16
Q

starch info

A

a glucose
(made of amylose and amlyopectin)
it is insoluble, which means osmosis is not affected and this is in plants only

17
Q

glycogen info

A

a glucose
only in animals, a storage

18
Q

cellulose info

A

b glucose
plant cell walls, very strong
slow decomposition, very abundant
1 4 links with one glucose molecule flipped 180, creating strength

19
Q

exam q
2 features of starch which make it useful as a storage molecules

A

-insoluble
-branched to make molecule compact
-polymer of a glucose for respiration