Carbohydrates Flashcards
What elements do carbs contain?
Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
What are sugars?
They are carbs that have the smallest and simplest molecules
What is a monosaccharide?
sugars with a single carbon ring,
What are the properties of monosccharides?
Present in all living things, simplest form of carbohydrate, dissolves easily in water
Eg of a monosaccharide
Glucose/ fructose
What is a disaccharide?
When two glucose molecules join together and lose water
A disaccharide can be broken down into two glucose molecules when what is added? what is this called?
Water, hydrolysis
Disaccharide sucrose (table sugar) =
glucose + fructose
Disaccharide maltose =
glucose + glucose
Disaccharide lactose (milk sugar) =
glucose + galactose
What is a polysaccharide?
When sugar molecules link together to form huge molecules made out of chains of hundreds of sugars
Eg of polysacchride?
Starch/ glycogen / cellulose
