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biochemistry: carbohydrates > CARBOHYDRATES > Flashcards

CARBOHYDRATES Flashcards

1
Q

Most abundant molecule in earth

A

Carbohydrates

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2
Q

Empirical Formula of Carbohydrates

A

CH20

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3
Q

Meaning of Saccharides

A

Sugar

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4
Q

Photosynthesis Process

A

CO2 + H20 = C6H12O6 + O2

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5
Q

Main Source of Energy of the Body

A

Carbohydrates

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6
Q

Beneficial Bacteria that can be found in the gut

A

Normal Flora

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7
Q

Sole source of energy for brain and proper functioning of tissue

A

Glucose

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8
Q

Making Sugar

A

Photosynthesis

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9
Q

Covalent bond that are formed between a carbohydrate molecule

A

Glycosidic Bond

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10
Q

Occurs in tissue such as the conversion of galactose in the liver to glucose

A

Epimerization

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11
Q

The conversion of Epimerization is catalyzed by

A

Enzyme Epimerase

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12
Q

Mirror Image

A

Chiral

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13
Q

Same Structure but differ in one component

A

Epimer

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14
Q

Same Molecular formula but differ in arrangement of atom

A

Isomer

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15
Q

Carbonyl group is at the end

A

Aldose

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16
Q

Carbonyl between H=C

A

Aldose

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17
Q

Carbonyl group is at any position

A

Ketose

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18
Q

Carbonyl group is between Carbon

A

Ketose

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19
Q

Full of Oxygen

A

Ose

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20
Q

Sugar are oxidized by fehling’s, benedict’s, and tollen’s reagent

A

Reducing Sugars

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21
Q

Sugar are not oxidized by tollen’s and other reagents

A

Non-Reducing Sugars

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22
Q

Greek Word of Saccharides

A

Sakkharon

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23
Q

Most Common Monosaccharides

A

Glucose

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24
Q

Other term for Monosaccharides

A

Simple Sugars

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25
Q

How many atoms does Monosaccharides have?

A

3-7 (5-6) Carbon atoms

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26
Q

1 unit of sugar

A

Monosaccharides

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27
Q

Most common monosaccharides

28
Q

Formula of Glucose, Fructose, and Galactose

29
Q

Other term for glucose

A

Blood Sugar/Dextrose

30
Q

Fruit sugar

31
Q

Sweetest of simple sugar

32
Q

Part of lactose or product of lactose breakdown

33
Q

Enzyme for breaking down lactose

34
Q

Has 2-10 atoms

A

Oligosaccharides

35
Q

Compose of short chains of monosaccharides

A

Oligosaccharides

36
Q

Double Sugar

A

Disaccharides

37
Q

Most abundant with two unit of mono

A

Disaccharides

38
Q

Process for disaccharides which two unit of mono joined together

A

Dehydration Synthesis

39
Q

Table Sugar

40
Q

Glucose + Fructose

41
Q

Malt Sugar

42
Q

Two Glucose

43
Q

Milk Sugar

44
Q

Glucose + Galactose

45
Q

Composed of many molecules of sugar

A

Polysaccharides

46
Q

Can be found in ground vegetable such as Kamote

47
Q

Can be found in the cell of plants

48
Q

Breaks down of polysaccharides

49
Q

Not readily absorbed by the blood

A

Polysaccharides

50
Q

Lowers blood glucose level

51
Q

Store energy for Animal

52
Q

Store Carbohydrates in Plant

53
Q

Supply energy for longer period

A

Starch and Glycogen

54
Q

Complex carbs with same structure and function

A

Starch and Glycogen

55
Q

Sugar that is water insoluble

56
Q

Formed from breaks down of Starch

57
Q

Obtain by heating or use of acid

58
Q

Mainly used as adhesive and thickening agent

59
Q

Fiber in plant

60
Q

Indigestible sugar that can be found in agar, pectin, woody fiber

A

Hemicellulose

61
Q

Provides test for renal function

62
Q

Considered as Prebiotic Fiber

63
Q

Fermented by bacteria that is normalise in colon

64
Q

Dietary Fiber

A

Cellulose, Hemicellulose, Pectin, Inulin

65
Q

Function of Carbohydrate

A

Main source of energy for our body.
Protein-sparing function
Necessary for normal fat metabolism
Cellulose stimulates peristaltic
movement of our gastrointestinal tract
and adds “bulk” in our stool
Lactose promotes the growth of
beneficial bacteria, causing laxative
action.
Glucose is the sole source of energy in
our brain and proper functioning of our
tissues.
Certain products of carbohydrate
metabolism act as catalyst.

biochemistry: carbohydrates (1 decks)

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