Carbohydrates

Question 1

is the study of the chemical substances found in living organisms
and the chemical interactions of these substances with each other. It deals
with the structure and function of cellular components, such as proteins,
carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and other biomolecules.

Answer 1

BIOCHEMISTRY

Question 2

Two types of biochemical substances

Answer 2

Inorganic substances

Bioinorganic substances

Question 3

Inorganic substances

Answer 3

water and inorganic salts

Question 4

Bioorganic substances

Answer 4

Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic acids.

Question 5

Complex bioorganic / inorganic molecules

Answer 5

Enzymes, Vitamins, DNA, RNA, and Hemoglobin etc.

Question 6

It is estimated that more than half of all organic carbon atoms are found in
the__________ ______of plants

Answer 6

carbohydrates materials

Question 7

Almost __% of dry plant material is produced by photosynthesis

Answer 7

75%

Question 8

Major source of carbohydrates

Answer 8

Plants products

Question 9

Recommended percents in the daily diet:

Answer 9

Recommended carbohydrates ~ 60 % Recommended sucrose less

than 10%

Question 10

is their ability to produce energy when they

under go oxydation during respiration.

Answer 10

Usefulness of carbohydrates

Question 11

in the form

of glycogen, provides a short-term energy reserve for bodily functions

Answer 11

Storage carbohydrate

Question 12

also form a

part of the structural framework of DNA and RNA molecules.

Answer 12

Carbohydrates

Question 13

They consist of one sugar containing 3,4,5,6 and 7 carbon atoms and are
usually colorless, water-soluble, crystalline solids.

Answer 13

Monosaccharides

Question 14

Some monosaccharides

have a sweet taste. Examples of monosaccharides include

Answer 14

glucose

(dextrose), fructose (levulose), galactose, xylose and ribose

Question 15

a sugar (a carbohydrate) composed of two 
monosaccharides.

Answer 15

Disaccharides

Question 16

An oligosaccharide is a saccharide polymer containing a small number
(typically 3-10 monosaccharides

Answer 16

Oligosaccharide

Question 17

Are relatively complex carbohydrates. They are polymers made up of many
monosaccharides joined together by glycosidic bonds. They are insoluble in
water, and have no sweet taste.

Answer 17

Polysaccharides

Question 18

Monosaccharide structures and types

Answer 18

Aldoses :Aldehyde sugars are called aldoses.

Ketoses: Ketone sugars are called ketoses.

Question 19

aldoses + alcohol — hemiacetal (cyclic ring)

Answer 19

ALDEHYDE sugar

Question 20

r or ketoses + alcohol — hemiketal (cyclic ring) They are
polyhydroxy aldehydes (sucah as glucose)or ketones (such as fructose) or
compounds that produce such substances upon hydrolysis.

Answer 20

KETONE sugar

Question 21

sugar units containing three carbon atoms

Answer 21

Triose

Question 22

sugar units containing four carbon atoms

Answer 22

Tetroses

Question 23

sugar units containing five carbon atoms

Answer 23

Pentoses

Question 24

sugar units containing six carbon atoms

Answer 24

Hexoses

Question 25

conversion of glucose to pyruvate

Answer 25

Glycolysis

Question 26

synthesis of glucose from amino acids, pyruvate, and other non-carbohydrates.

Answer 26

Gluconeogenesis

Question 27

synthesis of glycogen from glucose

Answer 27

Glycogenesis

Question 28

Breakdown of glycogen to glucose

Answer 28

Glycogenolysis

Question 29

Conversion of glucose to five-carbon sugar phosphates.

Answer 29

Pentose phosphate pathway