Carbohydrate Section Flashcards
1
Q
What is a Carbohydrate made out of?
A
- Made of CH2O and functional groups (hydroxyl and carbonyl)
2
Q
What is the ratio of CH2O?
A
- (1:2:1)
3
Q
What are the 3 classes of Carbs?
A
- Monosaccharides
- Disaccharides
- Polysaccharides
4
Q
What is a monosaccharide?
A
- any class of sugars ex. glucose that cannot be hydrolyzed to give a simpler sugar
- Produces and stores energy
5
Q
What is a disaccharide?
A
- any class of sugars that make up two monosaccharides
- ex sucrose, lactose, and maltose
6
Q
What is a Polysaccharide?
A
- Large sugar molecule that makes up small monosaccharides
- examples are starch, cellulose, and glycogen
7
Q
What is Glucose?
A
- Preferred energy source by cells in cell forms a ring structure
- Formula is (C6H12O6)
8
Q
What happens when two glucose combine?
A
- They form into a disaccharide known as maltose
9
Q
What glucose naturally occurs?
A
- D-Glucose
10
Q
What glucose is not natural?
A
- L-Glucose
11
Q
What is a Pentane?
A
- ## Molecular Formula (C5H12)
12
Q
Cellulose is composed primary of what types of monomers?
A
- Created by linking glucose monomers together with B 1-4 glycosidic bonds
13
Q
If you want to breakdown starch into monomers of glucose would this involve dehydration or hydrolysis?
A
- Hydrolysis because it involves production of water
14
Q
Structural formula of Hydroxyl
A
- OH
15
Q
Structural formula of Carbonyl
A
- O= -C-
16
Q
Structural formula of Carboxyl
A
- (COOH)
17
Q
Structural formula of Amino
A
- -N - H - H
18
Q
Structural formula of Sulfhydryl
A
-S - H
19
Q
Structural formula of Phosphate
A
- PO4-
20
Q
Structural formula of Methyl
A
- CH3
21
Q
What is the monomer for Carbohydrate?
A
- Monosaccharide
22
Q
Why can we digest starch but not cellulose?
A
- We produce an enzyme called amylase that can break down the alpha glycosidic linkages of starch into smaller molecules
