Carbohydrate Metabolism Flashcards
glycolysis: step 1
blood glucose converted to glucose 6 phosphate
- catalyzed by hexokinase
- loss of 1 ATP
glycolysis: step 2
glucose 6 phosphate converted to fructose 6 phosphate
glycolysis: step 3
fructose 6 phosphate converted to fructose 1,6 diphosphate
- catalyzed by PFK
- loss of 1 ATP (2 used so far)
rate limiting enzyme for glycolysis
phosphofructokinase (PFK)
glycolysis: step 4
fructose 1,6 diphosphate broken into 2 molecules of a 3 carbon compound
glycolysis: what are the products of each 3 carbon compound
2 NADH+H (4 total)
2 ATP (4 total)
1 pyruvate (2 total)
NAD is a derivative of
niacin or vitamin B3
anaerobic glycolysis net ATP
2 net ATP
final product of aerobic glycolysis
pyruvate
final product of anaerobic glycolysis
lactate
how is lactate formed towards the end of glycolysis
if o2 is deficient, the pyruvate will react with NADH+H and lactate dehydrogenase to form lactate
pyruvate oxidized is ____ pyruvate reduced is ____
acetyl-coA; lactate
glycogenolysis: what is the enzyme that breaks down glycogen? what does glycogen become?
enzyme: phosphorlyase
glycogen —-> glucose 6 phosphate
after glycogen is broken down to G6P, how does glycogenolysis proceed?
same as glycolysis
how many ATP are produced per NADH
2.5 ATP per NADH
