CAR Flashcards
(124 cards)
1
Q
101
Does an airdrome specify surfaces, design, movement, servicing aircraft and buildings
A
means any area of land, water
(including the frozen surface thereof) or other supporting surface used, designed, prepared, equipped or set apart for use either in whole or in part for the arrival, departure, movement or servicing of aircraft and includes any buildings, installations and equipment situated thereon or associated therewith
2
Q
101
Define airport
A
means an aerodrome in respect of which a Canadian aviation document is in force;
3
Q
101
Define pilot-in-command
Resposibility
Authority
Safety
Flight time
Is this only for drones?
A
means, in relation to an aircraft, the pilot having responsibility and authority for the operation and safety of the aircraft during flight time;
4
Q
101 Define remotely piloted aircraft What is it? What is it not? What are the configirable elements?
Subsection 101.01(1) of the Regulations is
Remotely piloted aircraft
Control station
Command control links
Other stuff
A
means a navigable aircraft, other than a balloon, rocket or kite, that is operated by a pilot who is not on board;
means a set of configurable elements consisting of a remotely piloted aircraft, its control station, the command and control links and any other system elements required during flight operation;
5
Q
Define Small remotely piloted aircraft
A
means a remotely piloted aircraft that has a maximum take-off weight of at least 250 g (0.55 pounds) but not more than 25 kg (55 pounds)
Take off weight
0.25 to 25 kg
6
Q
101
Define Day or daylight
A
means the time between the beginning of morning civil twilight and the end of evening civil twilight
What is twilight?
Twilight on Earth is the illumination of the lower atmosphere when the Sun is not directly visible because it is below the horizon. Twilight is produced by sunlight scattering in the upper atmosphere, illuminating the lower atmosphere so that Earth’s surface is neither completely lit nor completely dark.
How many twillights are there?
Morning twilight: astronomical, nautical and civil stages
Civil dawn or dusk 6 degrees
Nautical sawn or dusk 12 degrees
Astronomical dawn or dusk 18 degrees almost dark
7
Q
101
Define Flight inspection
Is this operation of an aircraft to assess
navigation aids
and obstscle avoidance?
A
means the operation of an aircraft for the purpose of (a) calibrating air navigation aids, (b) monitoring or evaluating the performance of air navigation aids, or (c) obstacle assessment
8
Q
101
Define Night
DOES NIGHT INCLUDE TWILIGHT
A
means the time between the end of evening civil twilight and the beginning of morning civil twilighto
9
Q
101 VFR
A
Visual flight rules
10
Q
101 VFR aircraft
A
means an aircraft operating in VFR flight
11
Q
101
Define VFR flight
A
means a flight conducted in accordance with the visual flight rule
12
Q
101
Define VFR OTT
A
means VFR over-the-top
13
Q
103.02
Inspection of Aircraft, Requests for Production of Documents and Prohibitions
Who can ask for doc of owner? Who would get asked by Minister? Can you give aviation doc to Joe? Can Joe tear it up and spit on it? What about other docs pertaing to aircraft?
A
(1) The owner or operator of an aircraft shall, on reasonable notice given by the Minister, make the aircraft available for inspection in accordance with the notice.
(2) Every person who (
a) is the holder of a Canadian aviation document,
(b) is the owner, operator or pilot-in-command of an aircraft in respect of which a Canadian aviation document, technical record or other document is kept, or
(c) has in possession a Canadian aviation document, technical record or other document relating to an aircraft or a commercial air service shall produce the Canadian aviation document, technical record or other document for inspection in accordance with the terms of a demand
made by a peace officer, an immigration officer or the Minister
(3) No person shall (a) lend a Canadian aviation document to any person who is not entitled to it by these Regulations, or allow any such person to use a Canadian aviation document; or (b) mutilate, alter or render illegible a Canadian aviation document.
(4) For the purposes of this section, other document includes all writings, papers and other records made, held or maintained by the owner, operator or pilot-in-command of an aircraft for the purpose of recording any action, activity, performance or use of the aircraft or any activity of the owner, operator or crew members in respect of that aircraft, whether or not the documents are required by law to be made, held or maintained.
14
Q
Knowledge Requirements
The small RPAS pilot operating within visual line of sight must be able to 103.02
Are computer stored records included for inspection?
A
State who may demand to inspect aviation documents.
State that computer-stored records may be used in place of paper records if measures are taken to protect them.
15
Q
Knowledge Requirements
601—Airspace
601.14 Interpretation The small RPAS pilot operating within visual line of sight must be able to:
A
Recall the restrictions to operations in the vicinity of forest fire areas.
Describe the circumstances when a small RPAS is permitted to be operated in the vicinity of a forest fire.
Describe the process required to legally use a LIDAR (light detection and ranging) on a small RPA.
16
Q
601.14
Directed bright light source
Can this be coherent or non coherent?
Is this for safety of people and aircraft?
A
means any directed light source (coherent or non-coherent), including lasers, that may create a hazard to aviation safety or cause damage to an aircraft or injury to persons on board the aircraft;
17
Q
601.14
Fire control authority
Is this the person responsible for protection of people and property at a fire?
A
means an official of a government forestry service or other fire control agency that is responsible for the protection of persons and property against firep
18
Q
601.14
Forest fire area
A
means an area on the surface of the earth on which standing timber, grass or any other vegetation or buildings are burning.
19
Q
Forest Fire Aircraft Operating Restrictions 601.1
Can you fly within 5 nautical miles?
Unless above 3000 ft
Or in NOTAM airspace
A
601.15 No person shall operate an aircraft (a) over a forest fire area, or over any area that is located within five nautical miles of a forest fire area, at an altitude of less than 3,000 feet AGL; or (b) in any airspace that is described in a NOTAM issued pursuant to section 601.16.
Notice to Airmen (NOTAM) Section 601.15 of CARs stipulates that no unauthorized person is able to operate an aircraft over a forest fire area, or over any area that is located within five nautical miles of one, at an altitude of less than 3,000 feet above ground level.
20
Q
Exceptions 601.17 Section 601.15 does not apply to
Dept of Transport
A
(a) persons who are operatingp an aircraft at the request of an appropriate fire control authority; and (b) Department of Transport personnel who are operating an aircraft in the performance of duties related to surveillance and the enforcement of aviation legislation.
21
Q
601.20
Projection of Directed Bright Light Source at an Aircraft
A
601.20 Subject to section 601.21, no person shall project or cause to be projected a directed bright light source into navigable airspace in such a manner as to create a hazard to aviation safety or cause damage to an aircraft or injury to persons on board the aircraft
22
Q
601.21
Requirement for Notification
Do you have to ask permission for directed light source in navigable airspace?
Who do you send a written request to?
Do you need written permission ?
Will Minister make call and maybe provide conditions?
A
1) Any person planning to project or cause to be 1) Any projected a directed bright light source into navigable airspace shall, before the projection, (a) submit a written request to the Minister for an authorization to project the directed bright light source into navigable airspace; and (b) obtain a written authorization from the Minister to do so
(2) On receipt of the request for authorization, the Minister shall issue a written authorization if the projection is not likely to create a hazard to aviation safety or to cause damage to an aircraft or injury to persons on board the aircraft
(3) The Minister may specify in the authorization any conditions necessary to ensure that the projection is not likely to create a hazard to aviation safety or to cause damage to an aircraft or injury to persons on board the aircraft
23
Q
601.22.
Requirement for Pilot-in-command
Can you operate in directed light source?
What if you have permission from Minister?
Would the Minister consider safety?
A
(1) No pilot-in-command shall intentionally operate an aircraft into a beam from a directed bright light source or into an area where a directed bright light source is projected, unless the aircraft is operated in accordance with an authorization issued by the Ministe
(2) The Minister may issue the authorization if the operation of the aircraft is not likely to create a hazard to aviation safet
24
Q
606.01. Munitions of War
Can you mount a Ma Deuce on sn aircraft?
What if the Minister wants you to…
A
No person shall carry weapons, ammunition or other equipment designed for use in war on board an aircraft unless the aircraft is a Canadian aircraft or the Minister has authorized the carriage of such equipment
25
900.01
Define autonomous
Is this system designed for pilot intervention?
means, in respect of a remotely piloted aircraft system, that the system is not designed to allow pilot intervention in the management of a flight.
26
900.01
Command and control link
AKA DATA LINK
means the data link between a remotely piloted aircraft and a control station that is used in the management of a flight.
27
900.01
| Control station
means the facilities or equipment that are remote from a remotely piloted aircraft and from which the aircraft is controlled and monitored.
28
900.01
Detect and avoid function
Is this the capability to see, sense , detect conflicting air traffic?
What then?
means the capability to see, sense or detect conflicting air traffic or other hazards and take the appropriate action
29
900.01
Define first-person view device
What does this device stream, from and to
Does this give the pilot the illusion of being on board?
means a device that generates and transmits a streaming video image to a control station display or monitor, giving the pilot of a remotely piloted aircraft the illusion of flying the aircraft from an on-board pilot’s perspective.
30
900.01
Flight termination system
What does this system do?
means a system that, on activation, terminates the flight of a remotely piloted aircraft.
31
```
900.01
Fly-away
What happens to cause this?
Does the pilot have control?
What about preprogrammed flight?
What about operating in a predictable manner?
```
means, in respect of a remotely piloted aircraft, an interruption or
loss of the command and control link such that the pilot is no longer able to
control the aircraft and
the aircraft no longer follows its preprogrammed procedures or
operates in a predictable or planned manner
32
900.01
Mandatory action
Does the manufacturer require this for safety?
Can this be inspection, repair, modification?
means the inspection, repair or modification
of a remotely piloted aircraft system
that the manufacturer of the system considers necessary to prevent an unsafe or potentially unsafe condition.
33
Payload
means a system, an object or a collection of objects that is on board or is otherwise connected to a remotely piloted aircraft but that is not required for flight.
34
900.01
Visual line-of-sight or VLOS
Is this unaided line of site to maintain control, see airspace, know RPAS location, perform avidance of others
Can you use binoculars?
What do you need to be able to do?
What do you need to know?
means unaided visual contact at all times with a remotely piloted aircraft that is sufficient to be able to
maintain control of the aircraft,
know its location, and be able to
scan the airspace in which it is operating in order to perform the
detect and avoid functions in respect of other aircraft or objects.
35
900.01 Visual observer
| Is this person trained for VLOS?
means a trained crew member who assists the pilot in ensuring the safe conduct of a flight under visual line-of-sight
36
900.02
Application
Can you operate an RPAS without registration?
No person shall operate a remotely piloted aircraft system unless the remotely piloted aircraft is registered in accordance with this Division.
37
900.06
| Reckless or negligent operation
No person shall operate a remotely piloted aircraft system in such a reckless or negligent manner as to endanger or be likely to endanger aviation safety or the safety of any person
38
```
Register of Remotely Piloted Aircraft 901.06
Does the Minister have
Name and address
Registration number
And whatever
```
The Minister shall establish and maintain a register of remotely piloted aircraft, in which there shall be entered, in respect of each aircraft for which a certificate of registration has been issued under section 901.05,
(a) the name and address of the registered owner;
(b) the registration number referred to in paeragraph 901.05(3)(a); and (
c) such other particulars concerning the aircraft as the Minister determines necessary for registration of the remotely piloted aircraft.
39
Cancellation of Certificate of Registration 901.07
What do you need to do if
RPAS is
```
Destroyed
Permanently withdrawn from service
Missing aircraft and no longer searching
Missing for sixty days
Transferred ownership
Owner dies
Owner entity no longer
Registered owner ceases to be qualified
How long do you have to do this?
Notify by calling the Minister?
```
Results in cancellation
901. 07
(1) Every registered owner of a remotely piloted aircraft shall, within
seven days
after becoming aware that any of the following events has occurred,
notify the Minister in writing that
(a) the aircraft is destroyed; (b) the aircraft is permanently withdrawn from use; (c) the aircraft is missing and the search for the aircraft is terminated; (d) the aircraft has been missing for 60 days or more; or (e) the registered owner has transferred legal custody and control of the aircraft.
(2) When an event referred to in subsection (1) has occurred, the certificate of registration in respect of the remotely piloted aircraft is cancelled.
(3) The certificate of registration of a remotely piloted aircraft is cancelled when (a) a registered owner of the aircraft dies; (b) an entity that is a registered owner of the aircraft is wound up, dissolved or amalgamated with another entity; or (c) a registered owner ceases to be qualified to be a registered owner under section 901.04. (4) For the purposes of this Division, an owner has legal custody and control of a remotely piloted aircraft when the owner has complete responsibility for the operation and maintenance of the remotely piloted aircraft system of which the aircraft is an element
40
Change of Name or Address 901.08
| How many days do you have to report change of address?
The registered owner of a remotely piloted aircraft shall
notify the Minister in writing of any change in the name or address of the registered owner by not later than
seven days after the change.
41
Access to Certificate of Registration 901.09
| Do you have to have the certificate of registration while operating?
No pilot shall operate a remotely piloted aircraft system unless the certificate of registration issued in respect of the remotely piloted aircraft is easily accessible to the pilot for the duration of the operation.
42
[901.10 reserved]
R
43
Transport Canada Do you have to display the registration?
| Do you have to have access to registration certificate during operations?
The small RPAS pilot operating within visual line of sight must be able to: Recall that all small RPA are required
to display the registration number.
Recall that the pilot must have easy access to the certificate of registration when operating a registered small RP
44
Visual Line-of-sight 901.11
Do you have to maintain VLOS?
What does a special opreations flight certificate allow?
(1) Subject to subsection (2), no pilot shall operate a remotely piloted aircraft system unless
the pilot or a visual observer has the aircraft in visual line-of-sight at all times during flight.
(2) A pilot may operate a remotely piloted aircraft system without the pilot or a visual observer having the aircraft in visual line-of-sight if the operation
is conducted in accordance with a special flight operations certificate — RPAS issued under section 903
45
Prohibition — Emergency Security Perimeter 901.12
Is there a security perimeter around an emergency?
Can you operate a RPAS over/within this perimeter?
What about if trying to save someone's life, police operation, fire-fighting and in service of public authority?
(1) No pilot shall operate a remotely piloted aircraft over or within the security perimeter established by a public authority in response to an emergency. (2) Subsection (1) does not apply to the operation of a remotely piloted aircraft for the purpose of an operation to save human life, a police operation, a fire-fightingaaz☑️☑️ operation or other operation that is conducted in the service of a public authority
46
Prohibition — Canadian Domestic Airspace 901.13
No pilot operating a remotely piloted aircraft shall cause the aircraft to leave Canadian Domestic Airspace
47
901.14 Controlled or Restricted Airspace
Class F.....
Is this specified in DAH
Does the DAH list person with authority to allow....
(1) Subject to subsection 901.71(1), no pilot shall operate a remotely piloted aircraft in controlled airspace.
(2) No pilot shall operate a remotely piloted aircraft in Class F Special Use Restricted Airspace, as specified in the Designated Airspace Handbook, unless authorized to do so by the person specified for that purpose in that standard
(3) For the purposes of subsection (2), a person specified in the Designated Airspace Handbook may authorize the operation of a remotely piloted aircraft when activities on the ground or in the airspace are not hazardous to aircraft operating in that airspace or access by aircraft to that airspace does not jeopardize national security interests.
48
Inadvertent Entry into Controlled or Restricted Airspace 901.15
What is required if you lose control and enter controlled or restricted airspace? Or likely to enter?
How long do you have to do this?
Who do you notify?
901.15 A pilot of a remotely piloted aircraft shall ensure that the appropriate
air traffic control unit,
flight service station or
user agency is notified immediately
any time the aircraft is no longer under the pilot’s control and inadvertent entry into controlled airspace or Class F Special Use Restricted airspace, as specified in the Designated Airspace Handbook, occurs or is likely to occur.
49
Flight Safety
901.16
Do you need to cease operations on risk to safety?
901.16 A opilot that operates a remotely piloted aircraft system shall immediately cease operations
if aviation safety or the safety of any person is endangered or likely to be endangered.
50
Right of Way
901.17
What four things must you give way to?
BAAGs
Baloons
Airships
Gliders
Power driven heavier than air aircraft
901.17 A pilot of a remotely piloted aircraft shall give way to
power-driven heavier-than-air aircraft, airships, gliders and balloons at all times.
51
Avoidance of Collision
| 901.18
Cannot operate in proximity of another aircraft if creates risk of collision
901.18 No pilot shall operate a remotely piloted aircraft in such proximity to another aircraft as to create a risk of collision.
52
Fitness of Crew Members
901.1
What 3 things can a crewmember not do?
Fatigue
Drink within 12 hours
Drunk
Drugs that impair faculties
901.19 (1) No person shall act as
a crew member of a remotely piloted aircraft system if the person
(a) is suffering or is likely to suffer from fatigue; or
(b) is otherwise unfit to perform properly the person’s duties.
(2) No person shall act as a crew member of a remotely piloted aircraft system
(a) within 12 hours after consuming an alcoholic beverage;
(b) while under the influence of alcohol; or
(c) while using any drug that impairs the person’s faculties to the extent that aviation safety or the safety of any person is endangered or likely to be endangered.
53
Visual Observers
901.20
What is required for using visual observers?
What is the observer looking for?
How many operations can be monitored?
Can an observer operate a vehicle, vessel,
Or aircraft?
901.20 (1) No pilot shall operate a remotely piloted aircraft system if visual observers are used to assist the pilot in the provision of detect and avoid functions
unless reliable and timely communication is maintained between the pilot and each visual observer during the operation.
(2) A visual observer shall communicate information to the pilot in a timely manner, during the operation, whenever the visual observer
detects conflicting air traffic, hazards to aviation safety or hazards to persons on the surface.
(3) No visual observer shall perform visual observer duties for more than one remotely piloted aircraft at a time unless the aircraft are operated in accordance with subsection 901.40(1) or in accordance with a special flight operations certificate — RPAS issued under section 903.03.
(4) No visual observer shall perform visual observer duties while operating a moving vehicle, vessel or aircraft
54
Compliance with Instructions
| 901.21
901.21 Every crew member of a remotely piloted aircraft system shall, during flight time, comply with the instructions of the pilot.
55
Living Creatures
| 901.22
901.22 No pilot shall operate a remotely piloted aircraft that transports or carries on board a living creature
56
Procedures
901.23
What two types of procedures need to be established?
Do vendors instruction work as procedures?
Must you review normal and emergency procedures before flight with the crew before takeoff?
Should these be immediately available
Normal procedures for
PRETOL ALR
Emergency procedures for
CS failure or equipment failure or failure of aircraft
Loss of C and C link
Flyaway
Flight termination
i) a control station failure,
(ii) an equipment fail
901. 23 (1) No pilot shall operate a remotely piloted aircraft system unless the following procedures are established:
(a) normal operating procedures, including pre-flight, take-off, launch, approach, landing and recovery procedures; and
PRETOL ALR
b) emergency procedures, including with respect to
CS failure or equipment failure or failure of aircraft
Loss of C and C link
Flyaway
Flight termination
i) a control station failure,
(ii) an equipment failure,
(iii) a failure of the remotely piloted aircraft,
(iv) a loss of the command and control link,
(v) a fly-away, and
(vi) flight termination.
(2) If the manufacturer of the remotely piloted aircraft system provides instructions with respect to the topics referred to in paragraphs (1)(a) and (b), the procedures established under subsection (1) shall reflect those instructions.
(3) No pilot shall conduct the take-off or launch of a remotely piloted aircraft unless the procedures referred to in subsection (1) are reviewed before the flight by, and are immediately available to, each crew member.
(4) No pilot shall operate a remotely piloted aircraft system unless the operation is conducted in accordance with the procedures referred to in subsection (1).
57
Pre-flight Information
901.24
Do you need to be familiar with the available information before take off?
901.24 A pilot of a remotely piloted aircraft shall, before commencing a flight, be familiar with the available information that is relevant to the intended flight.
58
Maximum Altitude
901.25
Altitude limits including near building
What is required to exceed altitude limits?
901. 25 (1) Subject to subsection (2), no pilot shall operate a remotely piloted aircraft at an altitude greater than
(a) 400 feet (122 m) AGL; or
(b) 100 feet (30 m) above any building or structure, if the aircraft is being operated at a distance of less than 200 feet (61 m), measured horizontally, from the building or structure.
(2) A pilot may operate a remotely piloted aircraft at an altitude greater than those set out in subsection (1) if the operation is conducted in accordance with a special flight operations certificate — RPAS issued under section 903.03.
400 ft
If less than 200 ft from building or structure no more than 100 ft above building
59
Horizontal Distance
| 901.26
100 ft from person unless part of crew
901.26 Subject to paragraph 901.69(1)(b) or (c), no pilot shall operate a remotely piloted aircraft at a distance of less than 100 feet (30 m) from another person, measured horizontally and at any altitude, except from a crew member or other person involved in the operation.
60
Site Survey
901.27
Items for a pre flight
TWODRAB
Type of airspace
Weather
Obstacles
Distance to people
Routes and altitudes to and from
Aerodromes and manned aircraft
Boundaries
901. 27 No pilot shall operate a remotely piloted aircraft system unless, before commencing operations, they determine that the site for take-off, launch, landing or recovery is suitable for the proposed operation by conducting a site survey that takes into account the following factors:
(a) the boundaries of the area of operation;
(b) the type of airspace and the applicable regulatory requirements;
(c) the altitudes and routes to be used on the approach to and departure from the area of operation;
(d) the proximity of manned aircraft operations;
(e) the proximity of aerodromes, airports and heliports;
(f) the location and height of obstacles, including wires, masts, buildings, cell phone towers and wind turbines;
(g) the predominant weather and environmental conditions for the area of operation; and
(h) the horizontal distances from persons not involved in the operation.
61
Other Pre-flight Requirements
901.28
List four pre flight check requirements
CFLM
Crew instruction
Fuel or battery
Location emergency equipment
Max safe distance
901. 28 A pilot of a remotely piloted aircraft shall, before commencing a flight,
(a) ensure that there is a sufficient amount of fuel or energy for safe completion of the flight;
(b) ensure that each crew member, before acting as a crew member, has been instructed
(i) with respect to the duties that the crew member is to perform, and
(ii) on the location and use of any emergency equipment associated with the operation of the remotely piloted aircraft system; and
(c) determine the maximum distance from the pilot the aircraft can travel without endangering aviation safety or the safety of any person.
62
Serviceability of the Remotely Piloted Aircraft System
901.29
What are the requirements for servicibility?
MES
Mandatory actions completed
Equipment installed
Servicable and maintained
901. 29 No pilot shall conduct the take-off or launch of a remotely piloted aircraft, or permit the take-off or launch of a remotely piloted aircraft to be conducted, unless the pilot ensures that
(a) the aircraft is serviceable;
(b) the remotely piloted aircraft system has been maintained in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions;
(c) all mandatory actions have been completed in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions; and
(d) all equipment required by these Regulations or the manufacturer’s instructions are installed and serviceable.
63
Availability of Remotely Piloted Aircraft System Operating Manual
901.30
What is the requirement for manufacturers OM?
OM imediately available to crew members at their stations
No pilot shall conduct the take-off or launch of a remotely piloted aircraft for which the manufacturer has provided a remotely piloted aircraft system operating manual unless the manual is immediately available to crew members at their duty stations.
64
Manufacturer’s Instructions
901.31
Do you have to follow manufacturers istructions?
901.31 No pilot shall operate a remotely piloted aircraft system unless it is operated in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions
65
Control of Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems
901.32
Can you operate an autonomous aircraft?
901.32 No pilot shall operate an autonomous remotely piloted aircraft system or any other remotely piloted aircraft system for which they are unable to take immediate control of the aircraft.
66
Take-offs, Launches, Approaches, Landings and Recovery
901.33 operation.
What are requirements prior to take off...?
Be sure not going to hit anyone or thing
Landing site is adequate
901. 33 A pilot of a remotely piloted aircraft shall, before take-off, launch, approach, landing or recovery,
(a) ensure that there is no likelihood of collision with another aircraft, person or obstacle; and
(b) ensure that the site set aside for take-off, launch, landing or recovery, as the case may be, is suitable for the intended operation.
67
Minimum Weather Conditions
901.34
What are the requirements for weather?
Operaion follows manufacturers instructions
Pilot and observer maintain VLOS
No pilot shall operate a remotely piloted aircraft system unless the weather conditions at the time of flight permit
(a) the operation to be conducted in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions; and
(b) the pilot of the system and any visual observer to conduct the entire flight within visual line-of-sight
68
Icing
901.35
What is required to operate if icing may occur or occurs?
What if snow, ice,or frost accumulates on any part of the aircraft?
De icing or ant icing equipment designed to detect icing
1) No pilot shall operate a remotely piloted aircraft system when icing conditions are observed, are reported to exist or are likely to be encountered along the route of flight unless the aircraft is equipped with de-icing or anti-icing equipment and equipment designed to detect icing.
(2) No pilot shall operate a remotely piloted aircraft system with frost, ice or snow adhering to any part of the remotely piloted aircraft
69
Formation Flight
901.36
What is required to fly in formation?
901.36 No pilot shall operate a remotely piloted aircraft in formation with other aircraft except by pre-arrangement between the pilots of the aircraft in respect of the intended flight.
70
Prohibition — Operation of Moving Vehicles, Vessels and Manned Aircraft
901.37
Can you operate while operating vehicle vessel or manned aircraft?
901.37 No pilot shall operate a remotely piloted aircraft while operating a moving vehicle, vessel or manned aircraft
71
Use of First-person View Devices
901.38
What is required to use first person device?
Observer that can see beyuond the field of view of the device
901.38 No pilot shall operate a remotely piloted aircraft system using a first-person view device unless, at all times during flight, a visual observer performs the detect and avoid functions with respect to conflicting aircraft or other hazards beyond the field of view displayed on the device
72
Night Flight Requirements
901.39
What two things are required to operate at night?
Can pilot use NVGs? If capture all ofthe visible spectrump
Position lights visible to pilots and observer without NVG
No pilot shall operate a remotely piloted aircraft system during the night unless the remotely piloted aircraft is equipped with position lights sufficient to allow the aircraft to be visible to the pilot and any visual observer, whether with or without night-vision goggles, and those lights are turned on.
(2) No pilot shall operate a remotely piloted aircraft system using night-vision goggles unless the goggles are capable of, or the person has another means of, detecting all light within the visual spectrum.
73
Multiple Remotely Piloted Aircraft
901.40
Can you operate more than one at the time from a single control station?
What do you need to operate more than five?
If by design snd you follow macturer instruction
NMT 5
MT 5 NEED SFOC
No pilot shall operate more than one remotely piloted aircraft at a time unless the remotely piloted aircraft system is designed to permit the operation of multiple aircraft from a single control station and unless the aircraft are operated in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.
(2) For the purposes of subsection (1), no pilot shall operate more than five remotely piloted aircraft at a time except in accordance with a special flight operations certificate — RPAS issued under section 903.03.
74
Special Aviation Events and Advertised Events
901.
OUTDOOR EVENT ADVETISED TO GENERAL PUBLIC
What is required to operate at an event?
SFOC
(1) No pilot shall operate a remotely piloted aircraft system at any special aviation event or at any advertised event except in accordance with a special flight operations certificate — RPAS issued under section 903.03.
(2) For the purposes of subsection (1), advertised event means an outdoor event that is advertised to the general public, including a concert, festival, market or sporting event
75
Handovers
901.42
What two things are required to handover during flight?
PP
Pre-arranged
Procedure and risk mitigation for loss of control
No pilot shall hand over their responsibilities to another pilot during flight unless, before the take-off or launch of a remotely piloted aircraft,
(a) a pre-arrangement in respect of the handover has been made between the pilots; and
(b) a procedure has been developed to mitigate the risk of loss of control of the aircraft
76
Payloads
901.43
Can you carry a payload?
What can you not carry?
A payload can be attached to a line if mft instructions
Exception
(1) Subject to subsection (2), no pilot shall operate a remotely piloted aircraft system if the aircraft is transporting a payload that
(a) includes explosive, corrosive, flammable, or bio-hazardous material;
(b) includes weapons, ammunition or other equipment designed for use in war;
(c) could create a hazard to aviation safety or cause injury to persons; or
(d) is attached to the aircraft by means of a line unless such an operation is conducted in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.
(2) A pilot may operate a remotely piloted aircraft system when the aircraft is transporting a payload referred to in subsection (1) if the operation is conducted in accordance with a special flight operations certificate — RPAS issued under section 903.03.
Hazardous, flamables, guns, ammo
77
Flight Termination System
901.44
Can you activate flight termination system if it causes safety issues?
No pilot of a remotely piloted aircraft equipped with a flight termination system shall activate the system if it will endanger or will likely endanger aviation safety or the safety of any person.
78
ELT
| 901.45
No pilot shall operate a remotely piloted aircraft equipped with an ELT
ELTs are emergency transmitters that are carried aboard most general aviation aircraft in the U.S. In the event of an aircraft accident, these devices are designed to transmit a distress signal on 121.5 and 243.0 MHz frequencies, and for newer ELTs, on 406 MHz. ELTs are required to be installed in almost all U.S.-registered civil aircraft, including general aviation aircraft, as a result of a congressional mandate. The
79
Transponder and Automatic Pressure-altitude Reporting Equipment
901.46
Can you operate in transponder airspace?
What if you have a transponder and automatic pressure-altitude reporting equipment?
Can an air traffic control unit allow you to fly without this equipment in transponder airspace?
Do you have to request beforehand?
Transponder airspace
(1) Subject to subsection (2), no pilot shall operate a remotely piloted aircraft system if the aircraft is in the transponder airspace referred to in section 601.03 unless the aircraft is equipped with a transponder and automatic pressure-altitude reporting equipment.
(2) An air traffic control unit may authorize a pilot to operate a remotely piloted aircraft that is not equipped in accordance with subsection (1) within the airspace referred to in section 601.03 if
(a) the air traffic control unit provides an air traffic control service in respect of that airspace;
(b) the pilot made a request to the air traffic control unit to operate the aircraft within that airspace before the aircraft entered the airspace; and
(c) aviation safety is not likely to be affected.
80
Operations at or in the Vicinity of an Aerodrome, Airport or Heliport
901.47
Are aerdromes listed in Canada Flight Supplement or the Water Aerodrome Supplement?
Can you operate in this airspace?
What distance away from aerodrome can you fly? What about heliport?
What about aerodrome operated by Minister of National Defence?
(1) No pilot shall operate a remotely piloted aircraft at or near an aerodrome that is listed in the Canada Flight Supplement or the Water Aerodrome Supplement in a manner that could interfere with an aircraft operating in the established traffic pattern.
(2) Subject to section 901.73, no pilot shall operate a remotely piloted aircraft at a distance of less than
(a) three nautical miles from the centre of an airport; and
(b) one nautical mile from the centre of a heliport.
(3) No pilot shall operate a remotely piloted aircraft at a distance of less than three nautical miles from the centre of an aerodrome operated under the authority of the Minister of National Defence unless the operation is conducted in accordance with a special flight operations certificate — RPAS issued under section 903.03.
```
Aerodromes listed in the
Canada Flight Supplement or the
Water Aerodrome Supplement
3 nautical miles from airport; 3 nm from aerodrome operated by Minister of National Defence
1 nautical mile from heliport
```
81
Aerodromes listed in ..:
Canadian Flight Supplement
Water Aerodrome Supplement
82
Records
901.48
Three items to maintain as records and duration to archive
Name of pilot and crew 12 mo
Time of flight 12 mo
Record of mandatory or maintenance actions
and who performed them that is the Who, when, description, instructions 24 mo
Transfer mandatory and maintenance to
Owner
1) Every owner of a remotely piloted aircraft system shall keep the following records:
(a) a record containing the names of the pilots and other crew members who are involved in each flight and, in respect of the system, the time of each flight or series of flights; and
(b) a record containing the particulars of any mandatory action and any other maintenance action, modification or repair performed on the system, including
(i) the names of the persons who performed them,
(ii) the dates they were undertaken,
(iii) in the case of a modification, the manufacturer, model and a description of the part or equipment installed to modify the system, and
(iv) if applicable, any instructions provided to complete the work.
(2) Every owner of a remotely piloted aircraft system shall ensure that the records referred to in subsection (1) are made available to the Minister on request and are retained for a period of
(a) in the case of the records referred to in paragraph (1)(a), 12 months after the day on which they are created; and
(b) in the case of the records referred to in paragraph (1)(b), 24 months after the day on which they are created.
(3) Every owner of a remotely piloted aircraft system who transfers ownership of the system to another person shall, at the time of transfer, also deliver to that person all of the records referred to in paragraph (1)(b).
83
Incidents and Accidents — LIST Associated Measures
901.49
Eight occurence requiring flight, risk mitigation
How long to keep records?
```
PEOPLE
Injuries requiring medical attention
Contact with person that unintentially hit person
EQUIPMENT
Equipment damage
FLIGHT OPERATIONS
Out of bounds horozontal and vertical
Aircraft collision or risk of collision
Uncontrolled or fly away
THE COPS
Police incident report or Civil Aviation Daily Occurence Report CADOR
Records kept 12 mo after occurence
```
A pilot that operates a remotely piloted aircraft system shall immediately cease operations if any of the following incidents or accidents occurs until such time as an analysis is undertaken as to the cause of the occurrence and corrective actions have been taken to mitigate the risk of recurrence:
(a) injuries to any person requiring medical attention;
(b) unintended contact between the aircraft and persons;
(c) unanticipated damage incurred to the airframe, control station, payload or command and control links that adversely affects the performance or flight characteristics of the aircraft;
(d) any time the aircraft is not kept within horizontal boundaries or altitude limits;
(e) any collision with or risk of collision with another aircraft;
(f) any time the aircraft becomes uncontrollable, experiences a fly-away or is missing; and
(g) any incident not referred to in paragraphs (a) to (f) for which a police report has been filed or for which a Civil Aviation Daily Occurrence Report has resulted.
(2) The pilot of the remotely piloted aircraft system shall keep, and make available to the Minister on request, a record of any analyses undertaken under subsection (1) for a period of 12 months after the day on which the record is created.
```
Injuries
Contact with person
Equipment damage
Out of bounds horozontal and vertical
Aircraft collision or risk of collision
Uncontrolled or fly away
Police incident report or Civil Aviation Daily Occurence Report
Records kept 12 mo after occurence
```
84
Knowledge Requirements
The small RPAS pilot operating within visual line of sight must be able to:
Recall that small RPA shall give way to manned aircraft at all times.
Recall the rules regarding the use of visual observers.
State what aeronautical information must be consulted before flight.
State that RPAS operations must remain in Canadian domestic airspace.
Recall the requirement to notify air traffic control if a flyaway is likely to enter controlled airspace.
State which procedures must be established for normal and emergency operations for all small RPA operations
State the minimum distance that a RPA must remain from a person.
State the minimum visibility required for the operation of a RPA.
State the minimum distance that a small RPA must remain from an aerodrome and from a heliport.
Recall that a small RPA may not be operated at or near an aerodrome in a manner that could interfere with aircraft operating in the established traffic pattern
State the minimum distance that a small RPA must remain from an airport and from a heliport when not operating under the Advanced Operations rules.
Describe the factors that must be included in a “site survey” for the operations of all small RPA operations.
State the requirements for lighting when operating a small RPA at night.
The small RPAS pilot operating within visual line of sight must be able to:
Recall that small RPA shall give way to manned aircraft at all times.
Recall the rules regarding the use of visual observers.
State what aeronautical information must be consulted before flight.
State that RPAS operations must remain in Canadian domestic airspace.
Recall the requirement to notify air traffic control if a flyaway is likely to enter controlled airspace.
State which procedures must be established for normal and emergency operations for all small RPA operations
State the minimum distance that a RPA must remain from a person.
State the minimum visibility required for the operation of a RPA.
State the minimum distance that a small RPA must remain from an aerodrome and from a heliport.
Recall that a small RPA may not be operated at or near an aerodrome in a manner that could interfere with aircraft operating in the established traffic pattern
State the minimum distance that a small RPA must remain from an airport and from a heliport when not operating under the Advanced Operations rules.
Describe the factors that must be included in a “site survey” for the operations of all small RPA operations.
State the requirements for lighting when operating a small RPA at night.
85
Division IV — Basic Operations
Application
901.53
This Division applies in respect of the operation of remotely piloted aircraft systems that include small remotely piloted aircraft and that are not intended to conduct any of the advanced operations referred to in paragraphs 901.62(a) to (d).
86
Pilot Requirements
901.54
Age
Certification
Less than 14
(1) Subject to subsection (2), no person shall operate a remotely piloted aircraft system under this Division unless the person
(a) is at least 14 years of age; and
(b) holds either
(i) a pilot certificate — small remotely piloted aircraft (VLOS) — basic operations issued under section 901.55; or
(ii) a pilot certificate — small remotely piloted aircraft (VLOS) — advanced operations issued under section 901.64.
(2) Subsection (1) does not apply to a person who is less than 14 years of age if the operation of the remotely piloted aircraft system is conducted under the direct supervision of a person who is 14 years of age or older and who can operate a remotely piloted aircraft system under this Division or Division V.
87
Issuance of Pilot Certificate — Small Remotely Piloted Aircraft (VLOS) — Basic Operations
901.55
250 to 25
901. 55 The Minister shall, on receipt of an application, issue a pilot certificate — small remotely piloted aircraft (VLOS) — basic operations if the applicant demonstrates to the Minister that the applicant
(a) is at least 14 years of age; and
(b) has successfully completed the examination “Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems — Basic Operations” which is based on the standard entitled Knowledge Requirements for Pilots of Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems, 250 g up to and including 25 kg, Operating within Visual Line-of-Sight (VLOS), TP 15263, published by the Minister and covers the subjects set out in section 921.01 of Standard 921 — Small Remotely Piloted Aircraft in Visual Line-of-Sight (VLOS).
88
Recency Requirements
901.56
Operate unless you have received certificate in last 24 mo Ehhhj?
Also, completed exam or flight tevire
Also, completed recurrent training
(1) No holder of a pilot certificate — small remotely piloted aircraft (VLOS) — basic operations or of a pilot certificate — small remotely piloted aircraft (VLOS) — advanced operations shall operate a remotely piloted aircraft system under this Division unless the holder has, within the 24 months preceding the flight,
(a) been issued a pilot certificate — small remotely piloted aircraft (VLOS) — basic operations under section 901.55 or a pilot certificate — small remotely piloted aircraft (VLOS) — advanced operations under section 901.64; or
(b) successfully completed
(i) either of the examinations referred to in paragraphs 901.55(b) and 901.64(b),
(ii) a flight review referred to in paragraph 901.64(c), or
(iii) any of the recurrent training activities set out in section 921.04 of Standard 921 — Small Remotely Piloted Aircraft in Visual Line-of-Sight (VLOS).
(2) The person referred to in subsection (1) shall keep a record of all activities referred to in paragraph (1)(b), including the dates on which they were completed, for at least 24 months after the day on which they were completed
89
Access to Certificate and Proof of Recency
901.57
Do you have to have pilot certificate immediately available?
What about documentation on recency requirements?
No pilot shall operate a remotely piloted aircraft system under this Division unless both of the following are easily accessible to the pilot during the operation of the system:
(a) the pilot certificate — small remotely piloted aircraft (VLOS) — basic operations issued under section 901.55 or the pilot certificate — small remotely piloted aircraft (VLOS) — advanced operations issued under section 901.64; and
(b) documentation demonstrating that the pilot meets the recency requirements set out in section 901.56.
90
Examination Rules
901.58
No person shall, in respect of an examination taken under this Division,
(a) copy or remove from any place all or any portion of the text of the examination;
(b) give help to or accept help from any person during the examination; or
(c) complete all or any portion of the examination on behalf of any other person
91
Retaking of an Examination or Flight Review
901.59
person who fails an examination or a flight review taken under this Division is ineligible to retake the examination or flight review for a period of 24 hours after the examination or review.
92
Yuyyyyyyy
Yuyyyyyyyyyyu
93
Division V — Advanced Operations
Application
901.62
is Division applies in respect of remotely piloted aircraft systems that include small remotely piloted aircraft and that are intended for operation
(a) in controlled airspace, in accordance with paragraph 901.69(1)(a) and sections 901.71 and 901.72;
(b) at a distance of less than 100 feet (30 m) but not less than 16.4 feet (5 m) from another person except from a crew member or other person involved in the operation, measured horizontally and at any altitude, in accordance with paragraph 901.69(1)(b);
(c) at a distance of less than 16.4 feet (5 m) from another person, measured horizontally and at any altitude, in accordance with paragraph 901.69(1)(c); or
(d) within three nautical miles from the centre of an airport, or within one nautical mile from the centre of a heliport, in accordance with section 901.73.
94
Pilot Requirements
901.63
(1) Subject to subsection (2), no person shall operate a remotely piloted aircraft system under this Division unless the person
(a) is at least 16 years of age; and
(b) holds a pilot certificate — small remotely piloted aircraft (VLOS) — advanced operations issued under section 901.64.
(2) Subsection (1) does not apply to a person who is
(a) less than 16 years of age if the operation of the remotely piloted aircraft system is conducted under the direct supervision of a person who is 16 years of age or older and who can operate a remotely piloted aircraft system under this Division; or
(b) operating a remotely piloted aircraft system as part of a flight review in order to meet the requirement set out in paragraph 901.64(c).
95
Issuance of Pilot Certificate — Small Remotely Piloted Aircraft (VLOS) — Advanced Operations
901.64
The Minister shall, on receipt of an application, issue a pilot certificate — small remotey piloted aircraft (VLOS) — advanced operations if the applicant demonstrates to the Minister that the applicant
(a) is at least 16 years of age;
(b) has successfully completed the examination “Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems — Advanced Operations” which is based on the standard entitled Knowledge Requirements for Pilots of Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems, 250 g up to and including 25 kg, Operating within Visual Line-of-Sight (VLOS), TP 15263, published by the Minister and covers the subjects set out in section 921.02 of Standard 921 — Small Remotely Piloted Aircraft in Visual Line-of-Sight (VLOS); and
(c) has, within 12 months before the date of application, successfully completed a flight review in accordance with section 921.02 of Standard 921 — Small Remotely Piloted Aircraft in Visual Line-of-Sight (VLOS) conducted by a person qualified to conduct flight reviews under section 901.82
96
Recency Requirements
901.65
(1) No holder of a pilot certificate — small remotely piloted aircraft (VLOS) — advanced operations shall operate a remotely piloted aircraft system under this Division unless the holder has, within the 24 months preceding the flight,
(a) been issued a pilot certificate — small remotely piloted aircraft (VLOS) — advanced operations under section 901.64; or
(b) successfully completed
(i) either of the examinations referred to in paragraphs 901.55(b) and 901.64(b),
(ii) a flight review referred to in paragraph 901.64(c), or
(iii) any of the recurrent training activities set out in section 921.04 of Standard 921 — Small Remotely Piloted Aircraft in Visual Line-of-Sight (VLOS).
(2) The person referred to in subsection (1) shall keep a record of all activities completed in accordance with paragraph (1)(b), including the dates on which they were completed, for at least 24 months after the day on which they were completed
97
Access to Certificate and Proof of Recency
901.66
No pilot shall operate a remotely piloted aircraft system under this Division unless both of the following are easily accessible during the operation of the system:
(a) the pilot certificate — small remotely piloted aircraft (VLOS) — advanced operations issued under section 901.64; and
(b) documentation demonstrating that the pilot meets the recency requirements set out in section 901.65.
98
Examination Rules
901.67
901.67 No person shall commit an act referred to in paragraphs 901.58(a) to (c) in respect of an examination taken under this Division.
99
Retaking of an Examination or Flight Review
901.68
A person who fails an examination or a flight review taken under this Division is ineligible to retake the examination or flight review for a period of 24 hours after the examination or review
100
Manufacturer Declaration — Permitted Operations
901.69
901. 69 (1) Subject to subsection (2), no pilot shall operate a remotely piloted aircraft system under this Division to conduct any of the following operations unless a declaration under section 901.76 has been made in respect of that model of system and the certificate of registration issued in respect of the aircraft specifies the operations for which the declaration was made:
(a) operations in controlled airspace;
(b) operations at a distance of less than 100 feet (30 m) but not less than 16.4 feet (5 m) from another person except from a crew member or other person involved in the operation, measured horizontally and at any altitude; or
(c) operations at a distance of less than 16.4 feet (5 m) from another person, measured horizontally and at any altitude.
(2) A pilot may operate a remotely piloted aircraft system under this Division to conduct the operations referred to in paragraphs (1)(a) and (b) if, before April 1, 2019, the model of system was determined by the Minister to meet the requirements set out in Appendix C - Criteria for a Compliant Small UAV System Design of Staff Instruction (SI) No. 623-001, published by the Minister on November 19, 2014.
101
Operation of a Modified Remotely Piloted Aircraft System
901.70
901. 70 If a declaration has been made under section 901.76 in respect of a model of remotely piloted aircraft system for any operation referred to in subsection 901.69(1), no pilot shall conduct any of those operations using a system of that model if the system has been modified in any way, unless
(a) the pilot is able to demonstrate to the Minister that, despite the modification, the system continues to meet the technical requirements set out in Standard 922 — RPAS Safety Assurance appl(1) No pilot shall operate a remotely piloted aircraft in controlled airspace under this Division unless the following information is provided to the provider of air traffic services in the area of operation before a proposed operation and an authorization has been issued by that provider:
(a) the date, time and duration of the operation;
(b) the category, registration number and physical characteristics of the aircraft;
(c) the vertical and horizontal boundaries of the area of operation;
(d) the route of the flight to access the area of operation;
(e) the proximity of the area of operation to manned aircraft approaches and departures and to patterns of traffic formed by manned aircraft;
(f) the means by which two-way communications with the appropriate air traffic control unit will be maintained;
(g) the name, contact information and pilot certificate number of any pilot of the aircraft;
(h) the procedures and flight profiles to be followed in the case of a lost command and control link;
(i) the procedures to be followed in emergency situations;
(j) the process and the time required to terminate the operation; and
(k) any other information required by the provider of air traffic services that is necessary for the provision of air traffic management.
(2) Despite section 901.25, a pilot may operate a remotely piloted aircraft in controlled airspace under this Division at an altitude above those referred to in that section if an authorization to that effect has been issued by the provider of air traffic services in the area of operation.icable to the operations referred to in subsection 901.69(1) for which the declaration was made; and
(b) if applicable, the modification was performed according to the instructions of the manufacturer of the part or equipment used to modify the system
102
Operations in Controlled Airspace
901.71
(1) No pilot shall operate a remotely piloted aircraft in controlled airspace under this Division unless the following information is provided to the provider of air traffic services in the area of operation before a proposed operation and an authorization has been issued by that provider:
(a) the date, time and duration of the operation;
(b) the category, registration number and physical characteristics of the aircraft;
(c) the vertical and horizontal boundaries of the area of operation;
(d) the route of the flight to access the area of operation;
(e) the proximity of the area of operation to manned aircraft approaches and departures and to patterns of traffic formed by manned aircraft;
(f) the means by which two-way communications with the appropriate air traffic control unit will be maintained;
(g) the name, contact information and pilot certificate number of any pilot of the aircraft;
(h) the procedures and flight profiles to be followed in the case of a lost command and control link;
(i) the procedures to be followed in emergency situations;
(j) the process and the time required to terminate the operation; and
(k) any other information required by the provider of air traffic services that is necessary for the provision of air traffic management.
(2) Despite section 901.25, a pilot may operate a remotely piloted aircraft in controlled airspace under this Division at an altitude above those referred to in that section if an authorization to that effect has been issued by the provider of air traffic services in the area of operation.
103
Compliance with Air Traffic Control Instructions
901.72
The pilot of a remotely piloted aircraft operating in controlled airspace under this Division shall comply with all of the air traffic control instructions directed at the pilot
104
Operations at or in the Vicinity of an Airport or Heliport — Established Procedure
901.73
901.73 No pilot shall operate a remotely piloted aircraft system under this Division if the aircraft is within three nautical miles from the centre of an airport or within one nautical mile from the centre of a heliport unless the operation is conducted in accordance with the established procedure with respect to the use of remotely piloted aircraft systems applicable to that airport or heliport.
105
Manufacturer
Manufacturer Declaration
901.76
901. 76 (1) For each model of remotely piloted aircraft system that is intended to conduct any of the operations referred to in subsection 901.69(1), the manufacturer shall provide the Minister with a declaration in accordance with subsection (2), except in the case of a model referred to in subsection 901.69(2) and that is intended to conduct any of the operations referred to in that subsection.
(2) The manufacturer’s declaration shall
(a) specify the manufacturer of the remotely piloted aircraft system, the model of the system, the maximum take-off weight of the aircraft, the operations referred to in subsection 901.69(1) that the aircraft is intended to undertake and the category of aircraft, such as a fixed-wing aircraft, rotary-wing aircraft, hybrid aircraft or lighter-than-air aircraft;
(b) indicate that the manufacturer
(i) declares that it meets the documentation requirements set out in section 901.78, and
(ii) has verified that the system meets the technical requirements set out in Standard 922 — RPAS Safety Assurance applicable to the operations referred to in subsection 901.69(1) for which the declaration was made.
(3) The manufacturer’s declaration is invalid if
(a) the Minister has determined that the model of remotely piloted aircraft system does not meet the technical requirements set out in the standard referred to in subparagraph (2)(b)(ii); or
(b) the manufacturer has notified the Minister of an issue related to the design of the model under section 901.77.
106
Knowledge requirements
901.59
MOVE
The small RPAS pilot operating within visual line of sight must be able to:
State the requirements to hold a pilot certificate–SRPA (VLOS)–basic operations.
State what is required to operate a small RPAS in Basic operations
Recall the 24 month recency requirements for holders of pilot certificates-SRPA (VLOS)
The small RPAS pilot operating within visual line of sight must be able to:
State the requirements to hold a pilot certificate–SRPA (VLOS)–basic operations.
State what is required to operate a small RPAS in Basic operations
Recall the 24 month recency requirements for holders of pilot certificates-SRPA (VLOS)
107
Knowledge requirements
901.73
MOVE
The small RPAS pilot operating within visual line of sight must be able to:
State the requirements to hold a pilot certificate–SRPAS (VLOS)–advanced operations.
State what is required to operate a small RPA in advanced operations
Recall the 24 month recency requirements for holders of pilot certificates-SRPA (VLOS).
State the conditions under which it is permissible to operate a small remotely piloted aircraft at a lateral distance of less than 100 feet from another person.
State the information that must be given to air traffic services when requesting flight in controlled airspace.
The small RPAS pilot operating within visual line of sight must be able to:
State the requirements to hold a pilot certificate–SRPAS (VLOS)–advanced operations.
State what is required to operate a small RPA in advanced operations
Recall the 24 month recency requirements for holders of pilot certificates-SRPA (VLOS).
State the conditions under which it is permissible to operate a small remotely piloted aircraft at a lateral distance of less than 100 feet from another person.
State the information that must be given to air traffic services when requesting flight in controlled airspace.
108
Notice to the Minister
901.77
A manufacturer that has made a declaration to the Minister under section 901.76 shall notify the Minister of any issue related to the design of the model of remotely piloted aircraft system that results in the system no longer meeting the technical requirements set out in the standard referred to in subparagraph 901.76(2)(b)(ii), as soon as possible after the issue is identified.
109
Documentation
901.78
901. 78 A manufacturer that has made a declaration to the Minister in respect of a model of remotely piloted aircraft system under section 901.76 shall make available to each owner of that model of system
(a) a maintenance program that includes
(i) instructions related to the servicing and maintenance of the system, and
(ii) an inspection program to maintain system readiness;
(b) any mandatory actions the manufacturer issues in respect of the system; and
(c) a remotely piloted aircraft system operating manual that includes
(i) a description of the system,
(ii) the ranges of weights and centres of gravity within which the system may be safely operated under normal and emergency conditions and, if a weight and centre of gravity combination is considered safe only within certain loading limits, those limits and the corresponding weight and centre of gravity combinations,
(iii) with respect to each flight phase and mode of operation, the minimum and maximum altitudes and velocities within which the aircraft can be operated safely under normal and emergency conditions,
(iv) a description of the effects of foreseeable weather conditions or other environmental conditions on the performance of both the system and the pilot,
(v) the characteristics of the system that could result in severe injury to crew members during normal operations,
(vi) the design features of the system, and their associated operations, that are intended to protect against injury to persons not involved in the operations,
(vii) the warning information provided to the pilot in the event of a degradation in system performance that results in an unsafe system operation condition,
(viii) procedures for operating the system in normal and emergency conditions, and
(1) A manufacturer that has made a declaration to the Minister in respect of a model of remotely piloted aircraft system under section 901.76 shall keep, and make available to the Minister on request,
(a) a current record of all mandatory actions in respect of the system; and
(b) a current record of the results of, and the reports related to, the verifications that the manufacturer has undertaken to ensure that the model of the system meets the technical requirements set out in the standard referred to in subparagraph 901.76(2)(b)(ii) applicable to the operations for which the declaration was made.
(2) The manufacturer shall keep the records referred to in subsection (1) for the greater of
(a) two years following the date that manufacturing of that model of remotely piloted aircraft system permanently ceases, and
(b) the lifetime of the remotely piloted aircraft that is an element of the model of system referred to in paragraph (a).
(ix) assembly and adjustment instructions for the system.
110
Record-keeping
901.79
901. 79 (1) A manufacturer that has made a declaration to the Minister in respect of a model of remotely piloted aircraft system under section 901.76 shall keep, and make available to the Minister on request,
(a) a current record of all mandatory actions in respect of the system; and
(b) a current record of the results of, and the reports related to, the verifications that the manufacturer has undertaken to ensure that the model of the system meets the technical requirements set out in the standard referred to in subparagraph 901.76(2)(b)(ii) applicable to the operations for which the declaration was made.
(2) The manufacturer shall keep the records referred to in subsection (1) for the greater of
(a) two years following the date that manufacturing of that model of remotely piloted aircraft system permanently ceases, and
(b) the lifetime of the remotely piloted aircraft that is an element of the model of system referred to in paragraph (a).
111
Knowledge requirements
901.79
The small RPAS pilot operating within visual line of sight must be able to state that a flight reviewer rating is required in order to conduct a flight review for a pilot certificate–SRPA (VLOS)–advanced operations.
The small RPAS pilot operating within visual line of sight must be able to state that a flight reviewer rating is required in order to conduct a flight review for a pilot certificate–SRPA (VLOS)–advanced operations.
112
Knowledge Requirements
| Transportation Safety Board of Canada (TSB)—(refer to TC AIM-GEN 3.0)
The small RPAS pilot operating within visual line of sight must be able to:
State that the purpose of accident investigation is to prevent recurrence.
State the types of accidents that must be reported to the Transportation Safety Board of Canada.
113
Knowledge Requirements
Transportation Safety Board of Canada (TSB)—(refer to TC AIM-GEN 3.0)
State the types of accidents that must be reported to the Transportation Safety Board of Canada.
3.3.1 Accidents
In the case of an accident,
(1) a person is killed or sustains a serious injury as a result of: (a) being on board the aircraft,
(b) coming into direct contact with any part of the aircraft,
including parts that have become detached from the
aircraft, or
(c) being directly exposed to jet blast, rotor down wash or
propeller wash,the aircraft sustains structural failure or damage that adversely affects the aircraft’s structural strength, performance or flight characteristics and would normally require major repair or replacement of any affected component, except for:
(d) engine failure or damage, when the damage is limited to the engine, its cowlings or accessories, or
(e) damage limited to propellers, wing tips, antennae, tires, brakes, fairings or small dents or puncture holes in the aircraft’s skin, or
(2) the aircraft is missing or inaccessible.
114
Knowledge Requirements
Transportation Safety Board of Canada (TSB)—(refer to TC AIM-GEN
SEE AIM PDF
BASIC
Flight service stations, flight information centres
The small RPAS pilot operating within visual line of sight must be able to:
BASIC*****. Determine who provides coordination or air traffic control service for the airspace being used (if applicable). 178
Determine the MF/ATF and enroute frequencies (if applicable) for the operating area.
Explain any traffic patterns of passing aircraft.
Anticipate patterns of manned aircraft sharing the airspace.
Determine the aeronautical radio frequencies in use for this airspace.
Use appropriate phraseology in radio communication.
Recognize clearances and instructions directed to other aircraft.
Interpret the CFS with respect to airspace and location procedures.
Communicate/interface with NAV CANADA according to their “Best Practices” documents.
MNN
115
Transportation Safety Board of Canada (TSB)—refer to TC AIM-GEN
1.1.2.2 Flight Service Stations (FSSs). p179
.1.2.2 Flight Service Stations (FSSs)
(a). AAS: the provision of information pertinent to the arrival and departure phases of flight at uncontrolled aerodromes and for transit through an MF area. AAS is provided on the MF and is normally in conjunction with VCS.
The elements of information listed below are provided, if appropriate, by the flight service specialist during initial aerodrome advisory communications with an aircraft:
(i) active or preferred runway;
(ii) wind direction and speed;
(iii) air traffic that warrants attention;
(iv) vehicle traffic;
(v) wake turbulence cautionary;
(vi) aerodrome conditions;
(vii) weather conditions; and additional information of interest for the safety of flight.
116
Transportation Safety Board of Canada (TSB)—refer to TC AIM-GEN
1.1.2.2 Flight Service Stations (FSSs). p180
The flight service specialist updates this information, when
appropriate, after the initial advisory. Pilots are encouraged
to indicate in initial transmissions to the FSS that information
has been obtained from the ATIS or from an AWOS (or
LWIS) broadcast, or use the phrase “HAVE NUMBERS” if
runway, wind and altimeter information from the previous
aerodrome advisory have been received, so that the flight
service specialist does not repeat the information.
Mandatory reports by aircraft on the MF are critical for the
FSS to be able to provide effective air traffic information.
At certain FSS locations, air traffic information may also
be based on a radar display. A pilot remains responsible for
avoidance of traffic in Class E airspace.
Communications regarding TCAS events and displayed
information should be limited to that required to inform the
flight service specialist that the aircraft is responding to an
RA. Discretion should be used in using the TCAS traffic
display to ask questions regarding traffic in the vicinity of
an aircraft. As would be expected, aircraft shown on a TCAS
display may not match the traffic information provided by the
flight service specialist.
117
Transportation Safety Board of Canada (TSB)—refer to TC AIM-GEN
1.1.2.2 Flight Service Stations (FSSs). p180
NOTAM, RSC and CRFI are included in advisories for a period of 12 hr for domestic traffic, and 24 hr for international
traffic, after dissemination by means of telecommunication.
Aerodrome conditions published prior to these time limits
should have been received in the pilot briefing or can be
obtained on request.
Aerodrome lighting is operated by the FSS, unless otherwise
indicated in the CFS. The flight service specialist relays ATC
clearances, SVFR authorizations, and routinely informs the
ACC of all IFR arrival times. The specialist also relays a VFR
arrival report to a FIC upon request from an aircraft.
Pilots should be aware that a flight service specialist will alert
the appropriate agencies for any aircraft that has received a
landing advisory for an aerodrome that lies within an MF area
and within radio communication range, if it fails to arrive
within 5 min of its latest ETA, and communication cannot be
re-established with the aircraft.
(b) VCS: the provision, at locations where AAS is provided,
of instructions to control the movements of vehicles,
equipment and pedestrians on manoeuvring areas of
uncontrolled aerodromes. Flight service specialists will
normally instruct vehicle traffic to leave the intended
runway at least 5 min prior to the estimated time of landing
or before a departing aircraft enters the manoeuvring
area. The specialist will coordinate with the pilot prior
to authorizing traffic to operate on the intended runway
within less than 5 min of the estimated time of landing or
the time an aircraft is ready for takeoff.
118
Transportation Safety Board of Canada (TSB)—refer to TC AIM-GEN
1.1.2.2 Flight Service Stations (FSSs). p180
(c) VDF service: the provision of VDF navigation assistance
to VFR aircraft. This service includes provision of the
aircraft’s bearing and a reciprocal heading, but is not
intended as a substitute for normal VFR navigation.
1.1.2.3 Flight Information Centres (FICs) and Flight
Service Stations (FSSs)
(a) RAAS: the provision, via RCO, of information pertinent to
the arrival and departure phases of flight and for transit
through an MF area.
RAAS consists in the issuance of the same type of
information as in AAS, except that it is provided from a
remote location. It is emphasized that the flight service
specialist cannot observe the runways, taxiways, airspace
or weather conditions in the vicinity of the aerodrome.
Wind, altimeter and other weather information is usually
extracted from the latest METAR or SPECI, and may not
always be as representative of actual conditions as in AAS.
(b) VAS: the provision, via RCO, of information and
advisories concerning the movements of vehicles,
equipment and pedestrians on manoeuvring areas at
designated uncontrolled aerodromes. VAS is provided
at locations where RAAS is also provided. The flight
service specialist will request vehicle traffic to leave the
intended runway at least 5 min prior to the estimated time
of landing, but cannot ascertain visually if the traffic has
actually vacated the runway.
119
Transportation Safety Board of Canada (TSB)—refer to TC AIM-GEN
1.1.2.2 Flight Service Stations (FSSs). p180
(c) Alerting service: the notification of appropriate
organizations regarding aircraft in need of SAR services
or alerts of crash equipment, ambulances, doctors and any
other safety services. Alerting of a responsible authority,
if experiencing unlawful interference, bomb threat or
inability to communicate in the clear, is also included in
this service.
(d) Emergency assistance service: the provision of aid to
a pilot when in an emergency, or potential emergency
situation, such as being lost, encountering adverse weather
conditions or experiencing aircraft-related emergencies
or equipment failure. At some locations, emergency
navigational assistance is provided to a pilot who is lost or
experiencing IMC, through the use of VDF equipment or
by transferring the pilot to ATC for radar service.
(e) NOTAM information service: the collection and
dissemination of NOTAM, RSC, and CRFI information
by the flight service specialist. A pilot may report to a
FIC or to an FSS any hazards to the air navigation system
that may need NOTAM distribution. The flight service
specialist will distribute the information if it meets the
criteria established in the Canadian NOTAM Operating
Procedures (CNOP).
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Transportation Safety Board of Canada (TSB)—refer to TC AIM-GEN
1.1.2.2 Flight Service Stations (FSSs). p181
(f) Weather observation service: the observation, recording
and dissemination of surface weather information for
aviation purposes.
1.1.2.4 International Flight Service Station (IFSS)
An aeronautical station that provides a communications
service for international
121
Define crew member
Amend
101.01(1)
means a person who is assigned to duty in an aircraft during flight time, or assigned to duty related to the operation of a remotely piloted aircraft system during flight time;
122
Define owner
Amend
101.01(1)
owner, in respect of an aircraft or remotely piloted aircraft system, means the person who has legal custody and control of the aircraft or system;o
123
Application
102. 01 These Regulations do not apply in respect of
(a) military aircraft of Her Majesty in right of Canada when they are being manoeuvred under the authority of the Minister of National Defence;
(b) military aircraft of a country other than Canada, to the extent that the Minister of National Defence has exempted them from the application of these Regulations pursuant to subsection 5.9(2) of the Act;
(b. 1) remotely piloted aircraft that are operated indoors or underground; or
(c) rockets, hovercraft or wing-in-ground-effect machines, unless otherwise indicated in these Regulations.
Amend
2 Section 102.01 of the Regulations is amended by striking out “or” at the end of paragraph (b) and by adding the following after paragraph (b):
(b.1) remotely piloted aircraft that are operated indoors or underground; or
3 Paragraph 102.01(c) of the Regulations is replaced by the following:
(c) rockets, hovercraft or wing-in-ground-effect machines, unless otherwise indicated in these Regulation
124
Knowledge Requirements for Pilots of Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems 250 g up to and including 25 kg, Operating within Visual Line-of-Sight (VLOS) (TP 15263)
https://www.tc.gc.ca/en/services/aviation/publications/tp-15263.html
