Capter 1- Basic Word Structure Flashcards
Hepatitis
Hepat= liver Itis= inflammation
Meaning
Inflammation of the liver
Adenoma
Aden/oma
Aden= gland
Oma= tumor
Meaning
Tumor of a gland
Adenitis
Aden/itis
Aden= Gland
Itis= Inflammation
Meaning
Inflammation of a gland
Arthritis
Arthr/itis
Arthr= Joint Itis= Inflammation
Meaning
Inflammation of joint
Biology
Bi/o/logy
Bi= Life Logy= Study
Meaning
Study of life
The suffix-logy is composed of the root (study) and the final suffix-y (process or condition)
Ilium
Part of the hip bone
Ileum
Part of the small intestine
Carcinoma
Carcin/oma
Carcin= Cancerous, Cancer Oma= Tumor
Meaning
Cancerous Tumor
A carcinoma is a cancerous tumor. Carcinomas grow from epithelial (surface or skin) cells that cover the outside of the body.
Biopsy
Bi/opsy
Bi=
Opsy= Process of viewing
Meaning
Removal of living tissue and examination under a microscope.
Living tissue is removed from the body and viewed under a microscope
Cardiology
Cardi/o/logy
Cardi= heart Logy= Study
Meaning
Study of the heart
How do you analyze words?
By diving them into component parts.
Cephalic
Pertaining to the head.
Cerebral
Pertaining to the brain.
Incision
Process of cutting into. Scissors cut.
Excision
Process of cutting out.
Endocrine Glands
Glands that secrete hormones within the body.
Cystoscopy
Process of visual examination of the urinary bladder.
Cytology
Study of cells.
Dermatitis
Inflammation of the skin.
Hypodermic
Pertaining to under the skin.
Electrocardiogram
Record of the electricity in the heart.
electroencephalogram
Record of the electricity of the brain.
enteritis
Inflammation of the intestines.
erythrocyte
A red blood cell.
gastrectomy
Removal of the stomach.
gastrotomy
Incision of the stomach.
diagnosis
State of complete knowledge; information gathered about a patient’s illness
(dia- = complete; gnos/o = knowledge; -sis = state of).
prognosis
State of before knowledge; prediction about the outcome of an illness.
An agnostic is a person who professes no (a-) knowledge of God.
hyperglycemia
Condition of increased blood sugar.
gynecology
Study of females and female diseases.
hematology
Study of blood.
hematoma
Collection (mass) of blood.
hemoglobin
Blood protein found in red blood cells. Hemoglobin carries oxygen to the cells
from the lungs and carbon dioxide away from cells to the lungs.
hepatitis
Inflammation of the liver.
iatrogenic
Pertaining to being produced by treatment. A rash occurring after
treatment with a drug, such as penicillin, is an iatrogenic condition.
A related term, nosocomial, refers to any infection acquired in a hospital
(nos/o means disease and -comial comes from the Greek “I take care of”).
leukocyte
White blood cell.
dermatology
Study of skin.
nephritis
Inflammation of the kidney.
nephrology
Study of the kidney.
neurology
Study of nerves.
oncology
Study of tumors.
oncologist
Specialist in the study of tumors.
ophthalmoscope
Instrument for visual examination of the eye. Proper pronunciation helps
in the spelling of this term. The initial syllable is pronounced “off” and is
spelled “oph”.
osteitis
Inflammation of bone.
osteoarthritis
Inflammation of bone and joints (actually degeneration of joint tissue).
pathology
Study of disease.
pathologist
One who studies diseases, performs autopsies, and examines biopsy samples.
pediatric
Pertaining to treatment of children.
psychology
Study of the mind.
psychiatrist
Specialist in the treatment of the mind.
radiology
Study of x-rays.
renal
Pertaining to the kidney. Ren/o (Latin) is used with -al (Latin), and nephr/o
(Greek) is used with -ic (Greek).
rhinitis
Inflammation of the nose.
sarcoma
Tumor of flesh tissue (cancerous tumor of connective tissues, such as bone,
muscle, cartilage, fat). Sarcasm is an utterance intended to “cut into the flesh”
and a sarcophagus is a box or container (Egyptian coffin) intended to “swallow
flesh.” Phag/o means to eat or swallow.
resection
Process of cutting out; removal.
thrombocyte
A clotting cell.
urology
Study of the urinary tract.
cardiac
Pertaining to the heart.
neural
Pertaining to nerves.
arthralgia
Pain of a joint.
neuralgia
Nerve pain.
erythrocyte
Red blood cell.
nephrectomy
Removal (resection) of a kidney.
leukemia
Blood condition of white cells; malignant (cancerous) condition.
carcinogenic
Pertaining to producing cancer. From the Greek gennao meaning “I produce.”
Other words to help remember -genic are gene and genesis.
pathogenic
Pertaining to producing disease.
iatrogenic
Pertaining to produced by treatment (physician).
hemoglobin
Literally, blood (hem/o) protein (-globin). Hemoglobin is a protein found in red
blood cells. It helps erythrocytes carry oxygen.
electroencephalogram
Record of the electricity in the brain.
electroencephalogram
Record of the electricity in the brain.
gastric
Pertaining to the stomach.
neurologic
Pertaining to the study of nerves.
excision
Process of cutting out; removal.
ophthalmologist
Specialist in the study of diagnosing and treating disorders of the eye.
cystitis
Inflammation of the urinary bladder.
endocrinology
Study of the endocrine glands.
hepatoma
Tumor (malignant) of the liver.
biopsy
Process of viewing life; removal of living tissue for microscopic examination.
nephrosis
Abnormal condition of the kidney.
leukocytosis
Abnormal condition (slight increase) of normal white blood cells.
enteropathy
Disease of the intestines.
adenopathy
Disease of glands.
endoscope
Instrument to visually examine within (the body).
endoscopy
Process of visually examining within (the body).
prognosis
State of before knowledge; prediction about the outcome of treatment.
osteotomy
Incision of a bone.
gastroenterology
Process of study of the stomach and intestines.
anemia
A decrease in erythrocytes or hemoglobin.
autopsy
“Self-view”—examination of a dead body, understand its function.
diagnosis
State of complete knowledge; information gathered about a patient’s illness.
endoscopy
Process of visually examining within (the body).
endocrinologist
One who specializes in endocrine glands.
epigastric
Pertaining to above the stomach.
epidermis
Outer layer of skin; above the dermis layer.
excision
Process of cutting out; to resection.
exocrine glands
Glands that secrete chemicals to the outside of the body.
hyperthyroidism
Condition of too much secretion of hormone (thyroxine) from the thyroid gland.
hypogastric
Pertaining to below the stomach.
hypoglycemia
Condition of low blood sugar.
incision
Process of cutting into; to section.
pericardium
Structure (membrane) surrounding the heart.
prostate gland
Exocrine gland in front of (before) the urinary bladder in males.
resection
Removal; excision. From the Latin “resecare” meaning “to cut back, trim or
curtail.” Thus a resection is an operation wherein an organ is “cut back”
or removed.
retrocardiac
Pertaining to behind the heart.
subhepatic
Pertaining to below the liver.
transhepatic
Pertaining to across or through the liver.
