capillary puncture Flashcards
1
Q
when is capillary puncture ideal?
A
- for small children
- when small amount is needed
2
Q
microliters of blood needed
A
CBC
3
Q
when to use capillary puncture?
A
- when small amount is needed
- for those afraid of needles (CP is faster)
- inaccessible veins
- point of care testing (POCT)
- patients performing tests on themselves
- special procedures
4
Q
when should capillary puncture NOT be used?
A
when patient is cold/dehydrated
5
Q
inaccessible veins:
A
- severely burned
- cancer patients
- obese
- geriatric patients
6
Q
POCT (Point of Care Testing) examples:
A
- RBS (Random Blood Sugar)
- PT (Pregnancy Test)
7
Q
tests patients perform on themselves:
A
- FBS (Fasting Blood Sugar) (8-10 hrs fasting accdng to new guidelines by CLSI & WHO)
- RBS - may be collected any time of the day without fasting
8
Q
capillary puncture special procedures:
A
- blood typing
- hepatitis testing
- HIV testing
9
Q
indications for performing capillary puncture in adults:
A
- no accessible veins (other sites should be tried first; venipuncture still first choice)
- to save veins for chemotherapy
10
Q
indications for performing capillary puncture in children:
A
- to prevent anemia
- avoid infection (venipuncture is more prone to infection than capillary puncture)
- newborn screening (requires capillary blood)
11
Q
capillary puncture equipment:
A
- lancet
- micro-collection tubes/containers
- hematocrit tubes (for manual Hct)
- plastic/clay sealant
- microscope slides
- warming devices
12
Q
2 types of hematocrit tubes:
A
- blue tip (no anticoagulant)
- red tip (heparin)
13
Q
SITE SELECTION
A
- finger (middle and ring)
- heel (child)
- earlobe
14
Q
CAPILLARY SPECIMEN
A
mixture of venous, arterial, and capillary blood w/ interstitial and intracellular fluid
15
Q
why wipe first drop of blood?
A
increases glucose levels decreases total protein, calcium, and potassium
