capafon

Question 1

what was the aim of capafon et al study?

Answer 1

to assess the effectiveness of semantic desensitisation treatment of fear of flying and also see if the fear of flying is reduced spontaneously without treatment.

Question 2

what was the sample of capafon study

Answer 2

41 adults with a fear of flying

Question 3

how many females were in the capafon study

Answer 3

24

Question 4

how did capafon procedure start

Answer 4

all participants were assessed for fear of flying individually on 2 occasions, one for (measuring anxiety scales) and the other for (psychological measurements)

Question 5

what happened in the second session of capafons procedure?

Answer 5

measures were taken while watching a film of flight sitting in an armchair 1.8m from the screen

Question 6

how long was the treatment in capafons study?

Answer 6

one hour sessions, 12-15, 2 per week

Question 7

what did participants do to lower their anxiety

Answer 7

Each created their own desensitisation hierarchy with a minimal increase.

Question 8

how were the participants exposed to their phobia of flying?

Answer 8

They were exposed to the experience of flying using a blend of their own imagination videos of flight situations and towards the end of the programme real situations.

Question 9

what techniques were the participants shown

Answer 9

breathing techniques, progressive muscle relaxation, and visualisation to aid relaxation.

Question 10

What we’re the findings in capafons study?

Answer 10

Highly significant reductions in reported anxiety and all psychological measures in the treatment condition. 90% of participants in the treatment condition had a significant reduction in symptoms.

Question 11

what we’re the conclusions of capafons study?

Answer 11

SD is highly effective for fear of flying 90% success rate no evidence of spontaneous recovery.

Question 12

what design was capafons study

Answer 12

independent

Question 13

explain the generalisability in capafons study.

Answer 13

small sample group anomalies could have an effect on the result. Only people with a fear of flying, hard to generalise for other phobias. However it is balanced in age and sex.

Question 14

explain reliability in capafons study.

Answer 14

standardised procedure, such as the same distance from the screen, easily replicated. Uses quantitive data such as heart rate, easy to measure and makes results objective and so easier to test for consistency in comparisons.

Question 15

how can the findings be applied in capafons study

Answer 15

90% of participants who received the treatment had a decrease in fear of flying therefore showing that systematic desensitisation can be used to treat phobias.

Question 16

explain validity in capafons study

Answer 16

low ecological validity, unusual procedures, conducted in a lab experiment. Participants were in an unusual environment exposed to their phobia through watching a video of flying therefore it may not reflect their real life display of aerophobia. Questionnaires involved self report data therefore participants may show elements of social desirability.

Question 17

Ethics in capafons study

Answer 17

unethical participants would have been anxious and distressed facing their phobia. However they volunteered so consent was presumed. Experiment was made to cause as less damage as possible (anxiety hierarchy) and to help participants in the long run.