Capacity, duration, coding

Question 1

Jacobs (1887)

Answer 1

STM capacity
-digital span test
-443 female students 8-19
-repeat a list of numbers, letters or words in correct order
-gradually increased number of digits, letters
Findings
- 7.3 letters and 9.3 words on average recalled

supports killer 7+/-2

Question 2

Miller (1956)

Answer 2

MAGIC NUMBER SEVEN PLUS OR MINUS TWO

believes STM holds chunks of info
research support from Jacobs

Question 3

Murdock

Answer 3

primacy and recency effect

-primacy- only remember first stuff
- recency- only remember last stuff

Question 4

Peterson and Peterson (1959)

Answer 4

Duration of info in STM with interference

• 24 pp and 8 trials
• in each trial, each pp given comsonant triagram and 3 digit number
• asked to count down from 3 digit numbers for 3, 6 , 9, 12, 15, or 18 secs

Findings- after 3 secs, 90% recall
after 28 secs, 2% recall
Duration of STM IS 18-30 secs
18 secs with interference

Question 5

Barrick et al (1966)

Answer 5

Duration of LTM- Real life application

• 400 people 17- 74 yrs
• memory of classmates after 15 and 48 yrs
• photo recognition
• 50 photos
• after 15 yrs of gradually = 90% accurate, after 48 yrs = 70%
• with free recall (no photos)
  ^ - after 15 yrs= 60% recall, after 48yrs = 30% recall

Question 6

Multi Store model- Shiffrin and Atkinson - 1968

Answer 6

sensory-> STM -> LTM

Question 7

Baddeley et al (1966)

Answer 7

Coding
STM - acoustic (dissimilar) - words that sound nice
LTM - semantic (dissimilar) - words with meaning