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electr > capacitor > Flashcards

capacitor Flashcards

1
Q

a passive electronic
component used to store energy in an
electric field.

A

capacitor

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2
Q

capacitor is a device consists of two
conductive plates separated by an
insulating material called

A

dielectric

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3
Q

how capacitor work

A
  1. when connect to power source, 1 plate gain positive charge, other plate gain negative charge.
  2. creates electric field in dielectric storing energy
  3. amount of charge depends on capacitance, voltage, and properties of dielectric
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4
Q

Formula of Capacitance

A

C = Ke(A/d)(E0)

Ke = dielectric constant
E0 = permittivity space (8.854 x 10^-12 F/m)
d = distance of plates
A = plate area

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5
Q

the ability of the
capacitor to store electric charge per
unit of voltage. It quantifies how much
charge a capacitor can hold at a given
voltage and is a fundamental property of
capacitors.

A

capacitance

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6
Q

formula of capacitance (charge and voltage given)

A

C = Q/V

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7
Q

uses of capacitor

A
  1. storage
  2. filter
  3. time circuit
  4. signal processing
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8
Q

type of capacitor
* small inexpensive
*used in high frequency
applications like antennas
*Used in X-ray
*Used in MRI machines
*Fixed type
*Non polarized

A

ceramic

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9
Q

Types of Capacitors

*High capacitance for
small size
*Only polarized capacitor
*Used in power supply
circuits as filter
*Aluminum and Tantalum
type
*Fixed type

A
  1. Electrolytic
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10
Q

Types of Capacitors

*Good for high voltage
applications
*Fixed type
*Non- polarized

A
  1. Glass Type
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11
Q

Types of Capacitors

*Extremely high capacitance
for energy storage
*Used in electric and hybrid
cars
*Fixed type
*polarize

A
  1. Super capacitor
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12
Q

Types of Capacitors

  • Includes polyester (mylar),
    polysterene, polypropylene,
    polycarbonate, metallized
    paper, Teflon, plastic , etc
    *Used for timer circuits like
    clocks, alarms and counters
    *Fixed type
    *Non-polarize
A
  1. Film Capacitors
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13
Q

Types of Capacitors

*Low capacitance
*Compact size
*No leads (flat terminals for
surface mounting)
*Automatic assembly (suited
for automated PCB assembly
processes)
*High frequency response
Used for consumer
electronics (smartphones,
laptops, TV)
*Used in medical devices
*Used in automotive
electronics
*Power supply modules and
regulators
*Non-polarized – ceramic
*Polarized – tantalum and
aluminum capacitors

A
  1. Surface Mounted Device
    (SMD) Capacitors
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14
Q

Types of Capacitors

*Used in radio tuning circuits
*Non-polarized
*Variable

A
  1. Air Capacitors
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15
Q

Types of Capacitors

*Preset type capacitors
*Used in timer circuits
*Non-polarized
*Variable

A
  1. Trimmer Capacitors
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16
Q

Parameters Needed
When Buying Capacitors

A

Capacitance
voltage rating

17
Q

Series Capacitor formula

A

1/ct = 1/c1+1/c2…

18
Q

Parallel Capacitor formula

A

Ct = c1+c2..

19
Q

What type of capacitor is commonly used in
smoothing applications?

A

Electrolytic

20
Q

What type of capacitor is used for high
frequency purposes?

A

Ceramic

21
Q

What type of capacitor is used for timing
circuits?

A

Film resistor

22
Q

What type of circuit can you design if the supply
voltage is 90 volts and you only have 1000 uF/60
volts capacitors available?

A

2 capacitors in series

23
Q

refers
to the process of storing
electrical energy in the
capacitor by applying a
voltage across its
terminals.

A

charging

24
Q

when the capacitor is uncharged, the current
flowing into the capacitor is at its _______. As time
passes, the voltage across the capacitor gradually
_________, and the charging current _________

A

maximum, increases, decreases

25
Q

time constant formula

A

T = RC

26
Q

charging formula

A

Vc = Vs(1-e^-t/T)

27
Q

refers to the process of releasing
the electrical energy stored in the
capacitor’s electrical field.

A

discharging

28
Q

ways of discharging

A

short a resistor
self discharged
through external circuit

29
Q

discharging formula

A

Vc = Vse^-t/T)

30
Q

The foil plates of the capacitor are anodized with a DC current. This anodizing
process sets up the polarity of the plate material and determines which side of the plate
is positive and which side is negative.

A

aluminum electrolytic

31
Q

available in both wet (foil) and dry
(solid) electrolytic types with the dry or solid tantalum being the most common. Solid
tantalum capacitors use manganese dioxide as their second terminal and are physically
smaller than the equivalent aluminum capacitors

A

tantalum

electr (4 decks)

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