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Clinical Skills > Cannulation and Venepuncture > Flashcards

Cannulation and Venepuncture Flashcards

1
Q

What is venepuncture?

A

Taking venous blood sample to aid diagnosis and treatment

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2
Q

What is cannulation?

A

Inserting small plastic tube into a vein that can subsequently be used to deliver fluids or meds to patient

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3
Q

What is asepsis?

A

Absence of bacteria, viruses etc

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4
Q

What are blood cultures?

A

Taking venous blood sample to send to microbiology to look for presence of infection causing organisms

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5
Q

What does ANTT stand for?

A

Aseptic no touch technique

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6
Q

What is ANTT?

A

Standardised technique for achieving asepsis during invasive procedures

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7
Q

How many patients are harmed by sepsis every year?

A

Around 250,000

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8
Q

When would standard ANTT be chosen?

A

If procedure is uncomplicated and short (<20 mins)

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9
Q

What are 7 characteristics of a good vein?

A
  1. Soft
  2. Straight
  3. Visibile
  4. Refillable
  5. Spongy
  6. Bouncy
  7. Supported
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10
Q

What is a tourniquet used for?

A

Helps visualise vessels

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11
Q

What should a tourniquet be?

A
  1. Latex free
  2. Single use
  3. Quick, one handed release
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12
Q

What is danger of leaving tourniquet on longer than 1 min?

A

Pressure can cause potassium to leak into blood –> incorrect results

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13
Q

What are potential complications of venous puncture?

A
  1. Bruising
  2. Infection
  3. Miss vein
  4. Thromboembolism
  5. Hit artery/tendon/nerve
  6. Haematoma
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14
Q

What is haematoma?

A

a localised bleeding outside of blood vessels, due to either disease or trauma including injury or surgery and may involve blood continuing to seep from broken capillaries.

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15
Q

When is haematoma most likely?

A

If patient on anticoagulation

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16
Q

When would blood cultures be required instead of only venepuncture?

A
  1. If infection is suspected
  2. Pyrexia of unknown origin
  3. Signs of sepsis
17
Q

What is cannulation used for?

A

Deliver IV fluids/meds, blood transfusion

18
Q

What items are required during venepuncture?

A
  1. Apron, non sterile gloves, handgel
  2. Tourniquet, chloraprep, vacutainer device, blood bottles
  3. Gauze/cotton wool, kidney dish, sharps bin
19
Q

What is pyrexia?

A

raised body temperature; fever.

20
Q

What items are required during cannulation?

A

Apron, STERILE gloves, handgel

Tourniquet, drawing up needle, cannula, vacutainer adapter, safe site connection device

10ml syringe, 10 mls 0.9% saline

Cannulation pack (chloraprep, gauze etc)

Sharps bin

21
Q

What gloves are needed during cannulation?

A

Sterile

22
Q

What gloves are needed during venepuncture?

A

non sterile

23
Q

Describe saline used in cannulation

A

10 mls 0.9% saline

24
Q

What is purpose of saline flush during cannulation?

A

Method of clearing intravenous lines (IVs), central lines or arterial lines to keep the lines (tubes) and entry area clean and sterile.

Blood left in the cannula or hub can lead to clots forming and blocking the cannula.

Flushing is used after medications are delivered to ensure all the drug is delivered fully. If multiple medications are given through the same line, flushing can be used in between drugs to ensure that the medicines won’t react.

25
Q

Which bottle should be filled first during blood cultures?

Why is this?

A

Aerobic bottle (blue lid)

As there will be air in the butterfly tubing which should not be introduced into the anaerobic bottle

26
Q

What bin does waste soiled with body fluids go in?

A

Clinical waste bin (orange)

27
Q

What bin does paper and packaging waste go in?

A

Domestic waste bin (black bage)

28
Q

When should samples be labelled?

A

At the bedside AFTER sample been taken

29
Q

What should label contain?

A

Name / hospital number / date of birth

30
Q

What should you do if you get a needlestick injury?

A
  1. Bleed it - squeeze and encourage bleeding (don’t suck)
  2. Wash it - soap and warm water
  3. Cover it - waterproof dressing
  4. Report it
31
Q

Do blood cultures require sterile gloves?

A

Yes

Clinical Skills (6 decks)

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