CANNES BURLEES -KALINDA HISTORY(STICKFIGHT)

Question 1

Who were the British entrenching themselves as

Answer 1

The British were entrenching themselves as the new Colonial power in the West therefore the French had lost their dominance in society.

Question 2

What happened to the white pple? And as a result what opportunity was provided

Answer 2

All the whites were caught up in the problems of
labour, low productivity, and financial structures. (TG YES THEY DESERVE IT) Therefore, the opportunity was provided for Africans to take over Carnival and embrace it as an expression of their newfound freedom.

Question 3

When was the anniversary of their freedom?

Answer 3

(August 1)

Question 4

How did they celebrate the anniversary of their freedom in the beginning?

Answer 4

In the beginning, they celebrated the anniversary of their freedom (August 1) by reenacting scenes
of Cannes Brulées.

Question 5

When did Cannes Brulées have its genesis?

Answer 5

Cannes Brulées had its genesis during slavery.

Question 6

What happened when a fire broke out in the cane fields

Answer 6

Whenever a fire broke out in the cane fields, the slaves on the surrounding properties were rounded up and marched to the spot, to the accompaniment of horns and shells. The gangs were followed by the drivers cracking their whips and urging them, with cries and blows, to harvest the cane before it was burnt.

Question 7

What was this even called (fire breaking out)

Answer 7

This event became known as the Cannes Brulées – Later called Canboulay.

Question 8

After Emancipation what did the slaves use Canboulay for?

Answer 8

After Emancipation the slaves used this celebration as a symbol of the change in their status.

Question 9

What did they engage in after emancipation?

Answer 9

They engaged in masking, dancing, stick fighting, mocking the whites and reenacting scenes of past enslavement.
M, D, S, F, M, R
Maddie dated some former musician, Ron

Question 10

How long was the aug 1st celebration celebrated and what did it transfer to?

Answer 10

The August 1st celebration lasted for about a decade, after which it was transferred to the pre-Lenten season.

Question 11

When does the Canboulay usually start? What essence was it? And what did it bring an end to?

Answer 11

The Canboulay usually started from midnight on the
Sunday. This was, in essence, the beginning of the Africans’ Carnival. During this period the whites
and coloureds ceased their participation in the street festival, thereby bringing an end to an era.

Question 12

What did the Africans introduce?

Answer 12

They introduced their own musical instruments and dance movements.

Question 13

What did the drum replace?

Answer 13

The drum replaced the fiddle

Question 14

The poui stick dethroned…

Answer 14

the poui stick dethroned the sword

Question 15

while the nut and Minard gave way to…

Answer 15

the Kalenda and Bamboula.

Question 16

What was frowned upon by the ruling class?

Answer 16

The vigour and vibrancy of the African
masquerade, the militaristic nature of the Kalenda dance and the violence of the stick fighting
rituals were frowned upon by the ruling class.

Question 17

What is theKalenda (Calinda)

Answer 17

a stick dance probably of African origin, was a popular form of entertainment for male slaves. It is an agile and dexterous dance performed to drums and chants
while the dancers engage in mock combat with their sticks (bois).

Question 18

In the second half of the 19th century…

Answer 18

In the second half of the 19th century, Canboulay and stick-fights dominated the Carnival.

Question 19

What was the main activity in Cranboulay

Answer 19

The main activity in Canboulay was the stick-fight.

Question 20

What did the term Kalenda emerge as

Answer 20

The term Kalenda emerged as a general term for the stick-fight, the dance, the songs and other performances that accompanied it.

Question 21

What did the stick fight involve?

Answer 21

The stick-fight involved two persons at a time with sticks three and a half to four feet long, who would Karay – take up a defensive position – in the middle of a circle (gayelle) and try to draw blood.

Question 22

The stick fighters were organized into…

Answer 22

bands representing different social groups!!

Question 23

What was the lead singer called and what do they do?

Answer 23

called a chantuelle or chanteuse, whose duty it was to egg on the fighters. The chantuelle was supported by a chorus of women. The purpose of the singing was to deride the opponent in song.

Question 24

When did these activities (stick fight) proceed?

Answer 24

These activities were all part of the Cannes Brulées and they preceded the street carnival of Monday and Tuesday.

Question 25

Who led the march? And who were they followed by?

Answer 25

The torchbearers, carrying flambeaux, led the march. They were followed by the batonnieres or stick fighters, then came the king and queen and royal attendants, body of supporters, substitute stick men, paraders, chanteuse, lead band.

Question 26

What did they march to?

Answer 26

They all marched to kalenda songs accompanied by
horns, conch shells, rattles and skin drums. Cannes Brulées marked the beginning of the
organized carnival bands.