Cannabis 1 Flashcards

Question

Describe memory as a physiological role of endocannabinoids.

Answer 1

activation of CB1 impairs long-term potentiation in the hippocampus & reduces short-term memory CB1 activates neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus and subgranular zone cannabinoids can facilitate short-term depression via CB1 vs long-term depression via TRPV1

Answer 2

activation of CB1R habituates the HPA-axis -AEA decreases corticosterone secretion -2-AG inhibits excessive glucocorticoid release activation of CB1R in the amygdala is anxiolytic -in GABAergic neurons this improves socialization, NORT, and exploration (mice) -in glutamatergic neurons this reduces aggression and excessive arousal -2-AG and AEA levels are also circadian, peaking during slow-wave sleep

Answer 3

CB1R activation inhibits GABAergic interneuron transmission, which disinhibits descending, pain-attenuating pathways from the brainstem TRPV1, GPR55, and PPRA are also involved 1 possible mechanism for acetaminophen is inhibition of AEA catabolism

Answer 4

in humans and non-human primates TRPV1 regulates temperature through hypothalamic and vasodilatory mechanisms in other mammals CB1R also contributes to thermoregulation with CB1R activation --> hypothermia

Answer 5

acute activation of CB1R stimulates appetite chronic stimulation of CB1R reduces appetite inhibition of CB1R reduces food intake and weight the effect of CB1R inhibition on food intake has implications for addiction as well

Answer 6

cannabinoids act on their receptors through a paracrine or autocrine mechanism in: -adipocytes: activation of CB1R increases lipogenesis -hepatocytes: activation of CB1R increases fatty acid oxidation, VLDL-TG clearance, de novo lipogenesis, chronic activation of CB2R stimulates fibrosis -GIT: activation of CB1R decreases GI motility and permeability -skeletal muscle: TRPV1, PPAR, and CB1R activations increases insulin sensitivity -pancreas: CB1R activation stimulates insulin release -hypothalamus: CB1R activation stimulates leptin release, decreases adiponectin release

Answer 7

CB1R < CB2R limits TNFa and pro-inflammatory cytokines -CB2R upregulated in response to inflammation -esp in macrophages & mast cells utility in MS -CB2R activation increases oligodendrocyte survival & growth, microglial proliferation, and Schwaan cell survival and growth

Answer 8

in females: -CB1R lvls rise and fall alongside progesterone, which may help to initiate menses -CB1R expressed on sensory and sympathetic fibres throughout the uterus in males: -CB1R expressed at high lvls on spermatocytes and sperm -cannabinoids inhibit sperm maturation, motility, acrosome reaction, and mitochondrial function in both sexes: -exogenous cannabinoids are sex hormone mimetics that inhibit the activity of testosterone and augment the activity of estrogen

Answer 9

arachidonic acid also all are lipids

Answer 10

through THC which is a CB1R and CB2R partial agonist

Answer 11

multiple mechanisms of action: -CBR1 modulator -CB2R partial agonist -5HT1A partial agonist

Answer 12

the idea that cannabis as a plant is superior to THC or CBD on their own -theres other constituents along for the ride and we dont know how they impact eachother

Answer 13

they are full agonists -very efficacious at activating CB1 in particular

Answer 14

when a ligand prefers one pathway over another -in theory receptor signaling can be directed toward a preferred pathway and away from an unwanted pathway

Answer 15

binding to specific sites on receptors to either increase or decrease signalling