Canine Thoracic Limb Flashcards
Superficial Pectoral
0: first 3 sternebrae - median fibrous raphe of ventral mid-line
I: whole crest of greater tubercle of humerus
A: adduct the limb when not bearing weight and prevention of abduction of limb when bearing weight
Stabilize Shoulder
infraspinatus supraspinatus subscapularis coracobrachialis teres major teres minor biceps brachii triceps brachii rhomboideus trapezius
Extend the Elbow
tensor fascia antebrachii
anconeus
triceps brachii
Flex the Elbow
biceps brachii
brachialis
pronator teres
supinator
Deep Pectoral
O: ventral part of sternum, median fibrous raphe at the ventral midline
I: lesser tubercle of the humerus- greater tubercle and crest via aponeurosis
A: pull trunk cranially when limb is advanced and fixed, extend the shoulder, draw limb caudally when not supporting weight
Brachiocephalicus
- Cleidobrachialis
- Cleidocephalicus - cervical and mastoid
O: Clavicular Intersection
I: Distal end of cranial aspect of humerus (CB)
middorsal fibrous raphe of neck (CC-C)
mastoid part of temporal bone (CC-M)
A: Advance the limb, extend the shoulder, draw head and neck to side
Omotransversarius
0: wing or transverse process of the atlas
I: distal end of scapula
A: advance the limb, flex the neck laterally
Trapezius
- Cervical
- Thoracic
O: median fibrous raphe of the neck , supraspinous ligament
I: spine of scapula
A: Elevate and abduct the limb at the shoulder
Rhomboideus
- Capitis
- Cervicis
- Thoracis
O: Base of skull (nuchal crest of occipital bone) (Cap)
median fibrous raphe of neck (Cerv)
spinous process of thoracic vertebrae (T)
I: Dorsal border of scapula
A: elevate limb and draw scapula against trunk
Latissimus Dorsi
O: Thoracolumbar fascia, last 2-3 ribs
I: teres major tuberosity of the humerus via the teres major tendon
A: draw leg caudally (ex. digging) and flex the shoulder
Serratus Ventralis
- Cervical
- Thoracic
O: Transverse process of cervical vertebrae (C)
Ribs (T)
I: serrated face of the scapula
A: support trunk, depress scapula
Sternocephalicus
- Mastoid
- Occipital
O: First sterner or manubrium
I: Mastoid part of temporal bone of skull (M)
nuchal crest of occipital bone (O)
A: Draw the head and neck to the sides
Sternohyoideus
O: first sternebra of the first costal cartilage
I: Basilhyoid bone
A: to pull tongue and larynx caudally
Sternothyroideus
O: frist sternebra of the first costal cartilage
I: caudolateral surface of the thyroid cartilage
A: pull tongue and larynx caudally
Deltoideus
- Scapular
- Acromial
O: Spine and acromial process of the scapula
I: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
A: flex shoulder
Infraspinatus
O: Infraspinous fossa of the scapula
I: Lateral side of the greater tubercle of humerus
A: laterally stabilizes the shoulder, abduct and laterally rotate shoulder, assist other muscles in the extension or flexion of shoulder
Teres minor
O: infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula, distal caudal border of the scapula
I: teres minor tuberosity of the humerus
A: laterally stabilizes the shoulder, laterally rotates the shoulder, assist other muscles in flexing the shoulder
Supraspinatus
O: supraspinous fossa of scapula
I: Greater tubercle of humerus
A: Laterally stabilizes the shoulder, extends shoulder
Subscapularis
O: subscapular fossa of scapula
I: lesser tubercle of humerus
A: medially stabilizes the shoulder, adduct shoulder, extend shoulder
Teres Major
O: caudal angle and caudal border of scapula, subscapularis muscles
I: Teres major tuberosity of humerus
A: Flex shoulder, rotate arm medially
Coracobrachialis
O: coracoid processes of the scapula
I: crest of lesser tubercle of the humerus
A: mainly a shoulder stabilizes but can assist other muscles in adduction and/or extension of the shoulder
Tensor Fasciae Antebrachii
O: fascia covering the lateral surface of the latissimus dorsi muscle
I: Olecranon of the ulna
A: extend elbow
Triceps Brachii
- Long head
- Lateral Head
- Accessory head
- Medial head
O: caudal border of the scapula (long)
Tricipital line (lateral)
Proximal humeral neck (A)
Crest of lesser tubercle (medial)
I: Oleclranon
A: Extend shoulder (long), Extend elbow (all)
Anconeus
O: lateral supracondylar crest of humerus, lateral and medial epicondyles of the humerus
I: Proximal and lateral aspect of the ulna
A: extend the elbow
Biceps Brachii
O: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
I: Radial and ulnar tuberosities
A: extend shoulder, flex elbow
Brachialis
O: Proximal and lateral aspect of humerus
I: Radial and ulnar tuberosities
A: Flex elbow
Extensor carpi radialis
O: Lateral supracondylar crest of the humerus
I: metacarpal tuberosities (dorsal aspect) of MC II and III
A: Extend carpus
Common Digital Extensor
O: Lateral epicondyle of the humerus
I: Extensor processes of the distal phalanx of digits II, III, IV, V
A: Extend the joints of the four principal digits
Lateral Digital Extensor
O: Lateral epicondyle of the humerus
I: Extensor processes of the distal phalanx of digits III, IV, V (proximal ends of all phalanges of same digits)
A: extend the joints of digits III, IV and V
Ulnaris Lateralis
O: lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: Lateral aspect of proximal end of MC V , accessory carpal bone
A: Abduct carpus, flex carpus
Supinator
O: lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: Cranial aspect of proximal radius
A: supination
Abductor Pollicis Longus
Long Abductor of the first digit
O: lateral and cranial border of the ulna, interosseus membrane between the radius and ulna
I: Proximal end of MC I
A: Abduct digit I
Pronator Teres
O: medial epicondyle of humerus
I: medial border of radius
A: Pronation
Flexor Carpi Radialis
O: Medial epicondyle of the humerus , medial border of the radius
I: Palmar surface of proximal MC II and III
A: Flex carpus
Superficial Digital Flexor
O: medial epicondyle of humerus
I: Palmar surface of the base of the middle phalanges of flex digits II-V
A: Flex digits II-V
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
- Ulnar Head
- Humeral Head
O: medial epicondyle of humerus, caudal and medial aspect of olecranon
I: Accessory carpal bone
A: Flex carpus
Deep Digital Flexor
- Radial Head
- Humeral Head
- Ulnar head
O: Medial epicondyle of humerus, ulna and radius
I: Flexor tubercle of distal phalanx of each digit
A: Flex digits
Pronator Quadratus
located within the space between the radius and ulna bones
A: pronate antebrachium
Shoulder Extend
brachiocephalicus infraspinatus supraspinatus coracobrachialis biceps brachii
Shoulder Flex
deep pectoral latissimus dorsi deltoid teres major teres minor
ABductors
abductor digit 1 longus
ulnaris lateralis
trapezius
infraspinatus
ADductors
S. pectoral
D. pectoral
subscapularis
coracobrachialis
