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Canine Lymphoma Flashcards

1
Q

Etiologic factors

A
  1. Chromosome abberations (gain 13 & 31, loss of 14)
  2. Germline and somatic mutations (TRAF3-MAP3k14, FBXW7, POT1)
  3. Alterations/deficiencies in DNA repair mech (goldens)
  4. +/- Helicobacter (?)
  5. +/- Phenoxyacetic acid herbicides (2,4-D)
  6. +/- Residency in industrial areas and exposure to solvents
  7. +/- Exposure to strong magnetic fields (weak)
  8. +/- Proximity to environmental waste
  9. Exposure to tobacco smoke (one study)
  10. Impaired immune function (related to primary disease vs immunosuppressive therapy)
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2
Q

DLBCL Characteristics

A

CD1+, CD20+ CD21+, CD45+, CD79a+, Pax5+, MCHII+, CD18-low
Architecture: diffuse

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3
Q

PTCL-NOS Characteristics

A

CD3+, CD79a-, CD21-, CD45+, CD5+, CD4+/-, CD8+/-, CD18-high, TCR-alpha-beta
Location: multicentric
Architecture: diffuse

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4
Q

MZL Characteristics

A

CD1+, CD20+, CD21+, CD45+, CD79a+, MHCII+, CD18-intermediate
Location: multicentric
Architecture: nodular/follicular

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5
Q

TZL Characteristics

A

CD45-, CD3+, CD5+, CD21+, CD4+/-, CD8+/-
Location: Multicentric
Architecture: nodular, paracortical, progressing to diffuse

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6
Q

Precursor lymphoma Characteristics

A

T Cell: CD45+, CD34+/-, CD5+/-, CD3+/-, CD4+/-, CD8-
B Cell: CD45+, CD18+, CD34+/-, CD79a+, CD21+/-, CD20+/-
Location: multicentric and/or leukemia
Architecture: diffuse and/or leukemia

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7
Q

MCL Characteristics

A

CD20+, CD21+, CD45+, CD79a+, MHCII+
Location: splenic white pulp
Architecture: nodular/follicular

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8
Q

Follicular lymphoma Characteristics

A

CD20+, CD21+, CD45+, CD79a+, MCHII+
Location: lymphadenopathy, solitary or multiple
Architecture: nodular/ follicular

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9
Q

Strong negative prognostic factors (strong)

A
  1. High/intermediate grade
  2. T cell phenotype
  3. Low MCH class II expression
  4. Subtage b
  5. Gene expression analysis (?)
  6. Anatomic location (leukemia, cutaneous, GI, hepatosplenic)
  7. Anemia
  8. Prolonged steroid pre-treatment
  9. +/- neutrophilia, thombocytopenia (modest)
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10
Q
A
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10
Q

Modest negative prognostic factors

A
  1. Stage V disease with bone marrow involvement
  2. Females and neutered females
  3. Neutrophilia
  4. Low neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio
  5. Thrombocytopenia
  6. Low lymphocyte/monocyte ratio
  7. Measures of proliferation (contradictory reports)
  8. +/- geographic location
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11
Q

Negative prognostic biomarkers

A

Increased:
1. Lactate dehydrogenase activity
2. Thymidine kinase activity
3. Haptoglobin
4. Serum VEGF
5. Glutathione-S-transferase
6. Calcium

Decreased:
1. Serum coblamin
2. Serum albumin

Other:
Serum C- reactive protein - may characterize remission status; variable levels preclude utility

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12
Q

Pulmonary infiltrates

A

27-34% of dogs with multicentric lymphoma

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13
Q

Gastrointestinal lymphoma

A

5-7%
Boxers, Shar-peis
Most often multiple segments, can be focal
Can be difficult to distinguish from LP-IBD
Usually T cell with epitheliotropism

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14
Q
A
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15
Q

Mediastinal lymphoma

A

~5%
T cell (single case gamma delta T cell with large granular morphology)
Hypercalcemia

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16
Q

Cutaneous lymphoma

A

Epitheliotropic: T cell, commonly CD8+ (CD4 in poeople)
Sezary syndrome: Cutaneous + circulating large malignant T cells (rare)
Non epitheliotropic: spares epidermis and papillary dermis
Inflamed form: difficult to ddx from reactive histiocytosis

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17
Q

Hepatosplenic

A

Uncommon
Delta gamma T cells
Lack of significant peripheral lymphadenopathy
Aggressive

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18
Q

Intravascular

A

Angiotropic or angioendotheliomatosis
Proliferation of neoplastic lymphocytes within lumen and wall of vessels
Absence of leukemia
Usually CNS and PNS
T cell or null cell most commonly reported in dogs (B cell in people)

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19
Q

Mediastinal lymphoma

A

~5%
T cell (single case gamma delta T cell with large granular morphology)
Hypercalcemia

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19
Q

Gastrointestinal lymphoma

A

5-7%
Boxers, Shar-peis
Most often multiple segments, can be focal
Can be difficult to distinguish from LP-IBD
Usually T cell with epitheliotropism

19
Q

Hepatosplenic

A

Uncommon
Delta gamma T cells
Lack of significant peripheral lymphadenopathy
Aggressive

19
Q

Intravascular

A

Angiotropic or angioendotheliomatosis
Proliferation of neoplastic lymphocytes within lumen and wall of vessels
Absence of leukemia
Usually CNS and PNS
T cell or null cell most commonly reported in dogs (B cell in people)

20
Q

Cutaneous lymphoma

A

Epitheliotropic: T cell, commonly CD8+ (CD4 in poeople)
Sezary syndrome: Cutaneous + circulating large malignant T cells (rare)
Non epitheliotropic: spares epidermis and papillary dermis
Inflamed form: difficult to ddx from reactive histiocytosis

21
Q

Pulmonary lymphomatoid granulomatosis

A
  • Angiocentric B cell lymphoma
  • Rare neoplasm of lung, sometimes other tissues
  • Heterogenous accumulation of B and T lymphos, neutrophils, plasma cells, macrophages - arranged angiocentrically
  • Outcomes vary from rapid progression to long term remission
22
Q

Cutaneous lymphoma

A
  • Epitheliotropic: T cell, commonly CD8+ (CD4 in poeople)
  • Sezary syndrome: Cutaneous + circulating large malignant T cells (rare)
  • Non epitheliotropic: spares epidermis and papillary dermis
  • Inflamed form: difficult to ddx from reactive histiocytosis
22
Q

Mediastinal lymphoma

A

~5%
- T cell (single case gamma delta T cell with large granular morphology)
- Hypercalcemia

22
Q

Hepatosplenic lymphoma

A
  • Uncommon
  • Delta gamma T cells
  • Lack of significant peripheral lymphadenopathy
  • Aggressive
22
Q

Pulmonary lymphomatoid granulomatosis

A
  • Angiocentric B cell lymphoma
  • Rare neoplasm of lung, sometimes other tissues
  • Heterogenous accumulation of B and T lymphos, neutrophils, plasma cells, macrophages - arranged angiocentrically
  • Outcomes vary from rapid progression to long term remission
22
Q

Intravascular lymphoma

A
  • Angiotropic or angioendotheliomatosis
  • Proliferation of neoplastic lymphocytes within lumen and wall of vessels
  • Absence of leukemia
  • Usually CNS and PNS
  • T cell or null cell most commonly reported in dogs (B cell in people)
23
Q

Gastrointestinal lymphoma

A
  • 5-7%
  • Boxers, Shar-peis
  • Most often multiple segments, can be focal
  • Can be difficult to distinguish from LP-IBD
  • Usually T cell with epitheliotropism
24
Q

Cranial mediastinal lymphadenopathy

A

20% of dogs with lymphoma

25
Q

Intravascular lymphoma

A
  • Angiotropic or angioendotheliomatosis
  • Proliferation of neoplastic lymphocytes within lumen and wall of vessels
  • Absence of leukemia
  • Usually CNS and PNS
  • T cell or null cell most commonly reported in dogs (B cell in people)
26
Q

Cutaneous lymphoma

A
  • Epitheliotropic: T cell, commonly CD8+ (CD4 in poeople)
  • Sezary syndrome: Cutaneous + circulating large malignant T cells (rare)
  • Non epitheliotropic: spares epidermis and papillary dermis
  • Inflamed form: difficult to ddx from reactive histiocytosis
26
Q

Pulmonary lymphomatoid granulomatosis

A
  • Angiocentric B cell lymphoma
  • Rare neoplasm of lung, sometimes other tissues
  • Heterogenous accumulation of B and T lymphos, neutrophils, plasma cells, macrophages - arranged angiocentrically
  • Outcomes vary from rapid progression to long term remission
27
Q

Gastrointestinal lymphoma

A
  • 5-7%
  • Boxers, Shar-peis
  • Most often multiple segments, can be focal
  • Can be difficult to distinguish from LP-IBD
  • Usually T cell with epitheliotropism
27
Q

Mediastinal lymphoma

A

~5%
- T cell (single case gamma delta T cell with large granular morphology)
- Hypercalcemia

27
Q

Hepatosplenic lymphoma

A
  • Uncommon
  • Delta gamma T cells
  • Lack of significant peripheral lymphadenopathy
  • Aggressive
28
Q

Hepatosplenic lymphoma

A
  • Uncommon
  • Delta gamma T cells
  • Lack of significant peripheral lymphadenopathy
  • Aggressive
29
Q

Pulmonary lymphomatoid granulomatosis

A
  • Angiocentric B cell lymphoma
  • Rare neoplasm of lung, sometimes other tissues
  • Heterogenous accumulation of B and T lymphos, neutrophils, plasma cells, macrophages - arranged angiocentrically
  • Outcomes vary from rapid progression to long term remission
29
Q

Cutaneous lymphoma

A
  • Epitheliotropic: T cell, commonly CD8+ (CD4 in poeople)
  • Sezary syndrome: Cutaneous + circulating large malignant T cells (rare)
  • Non epitheliotropic: spares epidermis and papillary dermis
  • Inflamed form: difficult to ddx from reactive histiocytosis
29
Q

Intravascular lymphoma

A
  • Angiotropic or angioendotheliomatosis
  • Proliferation of neoplastic lymphocytes within lumen and wall of vessels
  • Absence of leukemia
  • Usually CNS and PNS
  • T cell or null cell most commonly reported in dogs (B cell in people)
30
Q

Gastrointestinal lymphoma

A
  • 5-7%
  • Boxers, Shar-peis
  • Most often multiple segments, can be focal
  • Can be difficult to distinguish from LP-IBD
  • Usually T cell with epitheliotropism
30
Q

Mediastinal lymphoma

A

~5%
- T cell (single case gamma delta T cell with large granular morphology)
- Hypercalcemia

31
Q

Gastrointestinal lymphoma

A
  • 5-7%
  • Boxers, Shar-peis
  • Most often multiple segments, can be focal
  • Can be difficult to distinguish from LP-IBD
  • Usually T cell with epitheliotropism
31
Q

Mediastinal lymphoma

A

~5%
- T cell (single case gamma delta T cell with large granular morphology)
- Hypercalcemia

31
Q

Cutaneous lymphoma

A
  • Epitheliotropic: T cell, commonly CD8+ (CD4 in poeople)
  • Sezary syndrome: Cutaneous + circulating large malignant T cells (rare)
  • Non epitheliotropic: spares epidermis and papillary dermis
  • Inflamed form: difficult to ddx from reactive histiocytosis
32
Q

Hepatosplenic lymphoma

A
  • Uncommon
  • Delta gamma T cells
  • Lack of significant peripheral lymphadenopathy
  • Aggressive
32
Q

Intravascular lymphoma

A
  • Angiotropic or angioendotheliomatosis
  • Proliferation of neoplastic lymphocytes within lumen and wall of vessels
  • Absence of leukemia
  • Usually CNS and PNS
  • T cell or null cell most commonly reported in dogs (B cell in people)
32
Q

Pulmonary lymphomatoid granulomatosis

A
  • Angiocentric B cell lymphoma
  • Rare neoplasm of lung, sometimes other tissues
  • Heterogenous accumulation of B and T lymphos, neutrophils, plasma cells, macrophages - arranged angiocentrically
  • Outcomes vary from rapid progression to long term remission

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