Canine Endocrine (VetPrep)

Question 1

Addisonian treatment

Answer 1

prednisone + aldosterone (DOCP)

Question 2

What do you monitor for addisonian dog

Answer 2

Na + K
Addisons causes hyponatremia + hyperkalemia, so want to check if we are fixing the electrolyte imbalances

Question 3

chemistry changes of cushings (hyperadrenocorticism)

Answer 3

INC cholestrol (90%)
LOW BUN (because diuresis)
INC ALT (hepatocyte swelling)
LOW T4 (euthyroid sick)

Question 4

Treatment for hyperadrenocorticism

Answer 4

Adrenalectomy - when there is a adrenal tumor causing ADH
Lysodren - causes selective necrosis of zona fasciculata and zona reticularis
ketoconazole - inhibits production of all steroids

Question 5

Clinical signs of Alopecia X

Answer 5

slow progressing alopecia of trunk sparing head + limbs
No other disease - no skin issue or endocrinopathy, normal cbc/chem

Question 6

Tx for Alopexia X

Answer 6

neuter if not neutered
melatonin can help new hair grow

Question 7

Tx for addison’s

Answer 7

Glucocorticoids - prednisone
Mineralocorticoids - percorten (deoxycorticosterone pivalate ) every 25-28 day injection OR Florinef (fludrocortisone acetate) daily admin

Question 8

What to do for medications for addisonian patient around surgery

Answer 8

Give about 2-10x’s physiological dose of pred before and after (all a guestimate) but want to give more because it is a stressful event and want to be able to deal with the stress and not send it into an addisonian crisis

Question 9

where is a pheochromocytoma

Answer 9

Adrenal medulla tumor

Question 10

What does the adrenal medulla make

Answer 10

they make catecholamines (epinephrine and norepinephrine)

Question 11

What does a pheochromocytoma release?

Answer 11

Catecholamines (because the adrenal medulla where tumor is releases this) - epi and norepi

Question 12

Clin signs of pheochromocytoma

Answer 12

hypertension, tachyarrhythmias, seizure, collapse (because high epi/norepi)

Question 13

What is a sertoli cell tumor

Answer 13

a tumor of testis - can excrete estrogen + other hormones

Question 14

clin signs of sertolie cell tumor

Answer 14

feminization syndrome, bilaterally symmetric alopecia

Question 15

clinical signs of hypothyroidism

Answer 15

pyoderma, markedly elevated triglycerides,
mild normocytic normochromic anemia
neuromuscular signs (ataxia, knuckling, vestibular signs, etc)