Cancers Flashcards
Cancer Cells
Grow and invade adjacent tissues OR break away from original tumor mass and travel by means of blood of lymphatic system
Carcinoma
Epithelital tissue (skin, lungs, mucus lining of GI)
Sarcomas
connective tissue
Lymphoma and Leukemias
blood and bodily fluids have cancer cells
Cancer Treatment
Surgery
Supportive and palliative care
Chemotherapy
use of chemicals given as a systemic therapy for cancer
mainstay for most solic tumors
can offer cure, control, or palliative care
IV Infusion complications
Extravasation - local tissue damage
Radiation Therapy
oldest non surgical method of cancer treatment
Leukemia
group of cancers affecting blood and blood forming tissues
immature WBCs
Lymphoma
cancers originating in bone marrow and lymphatic structures
Risk Factors for Breast Cancer
> 50 yo, Early menarche, late menopause, family hx, full term pregnancy after 30, no pregnancies, no breastfeeding, gene mutations, smoking, weight gain and obesite after menopause
Chemo Side effects
N & V, weight loss, bone marrow suppression, alopecia, “chemo” brain
Breast Cancer meds
tamoxifen
raloxifene
Trastuzumab
Prostate Cancer meds
ADT
Bicalutamide, flutamide
Methotrexate
unusual bleeding
- report unexplained bruising, monitor platelets, bleeding gums
dehydration
- drink plenty of water, do NOT take food that is too cold or hot
alopecia
risk for infection
interacts with: aspirin, sulfanomides, PCNs, and NSAIDs
Cytotoxic Antibodies
Doxorubicin - LV failure and cardio toxicity Daunorubicin - HF increased risk for weight gain Bleomycin - pulmonary tox
Alkylating Drugs
Cisplastin - nephrotoxicity, monitor kidney function Cytoxan Mustargen - extravasation
Vincristine
most significant neurotoxin
must be diluted in 50mL NS
Normal WBC
4000 - 11,000
- filgrastim
Normal RBC
- 7 - 6.1
- epoetin alpha
Normal HgB
12 - 17.5 g
Normal Platelets
150 - 450
- oprelvekin
Normal Hct
36 - 54 %
