cancer screening (W9)

Question 1

breast cancer risk factors

Answer 1

family history
obesity post menopause
alcohol
hormone replacement therapy
inactivity
early menarche and late menopause
pregnancy (risk increases with number of)

Question 2

who gets breast screening and how often

Answer 2

women aged 50-70
mammogram every 3 years

Question 3

what occurs after a positive screening mammogram

Answer 3

examination
magnified mammogram (tomosynthesis - 3D)
breast ultrasound
biopsy (possibly)

Question 4

presentation of breast cancer?

Answer 4

screening mammogram
breast mass
lymphadenopathy
skin changes
metastatic disease

Question 5

3 parts of breast cancer assessment

Answer 5

history taking, clinical examination
imaging (mammogram, ultrasound)
pathology (biopsy)

Question 6

important markers in breast cancer pathology

Answer 6

oestrogen and progesterone receptors
HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2)
Ki67 (marker of proliferation)

Question 7

breast cancer management

Answer 7

surgery
hormone therapy
radiotherapy
targeted therapy
chemotherapy