Cancer nutrition

Question 1

Affluent country cancers

Answer 1

lung, colorectal, breast, prostate

Question 2

Poor country cancers

Answer 2

gastric, liver, oral cavity, esophagus, uterine, cervix

Question 3

Colorectal cancer increase risk

Answer 3

red meat, processed meat, BMI, alcohol, abdominal fat, tallness

Question 4

Colorectal cancer decrease risk

Answer 4

physical activity, dietary fiber, garlic, milk, calcium

Question 5

Premenopausal breast cancer increase risk

Answer 5

alcohol, tallness, greater birthweight

Question 6

Premenopausal breast cancer decrease risk

Answer 6

lactation, body fatness

Question 7

Postmenopausal breast cancer increase risk

Answer 7

alcohol, tallness, body fatness, abdominal fatness, adult weight gain

Question 8

Postmenopausal breast cancer decrease risk

Answer 8

lactation, physical activity

Question 9

Prostate cancer increase risk

Answer 9

high diet calcium

Question 10

Prostate cancer decrease risk

Answer 10

foods containing lycopene (vitamin A type substance)

Question 11

Ovarian cancer increase risk

Answer 11

tallness

Question 12

Ovarian cancer decrease risk

Answer 12

none

Question 13

Milk & dairy increase risk

Answer 13

prostate cancer

Question 14

Milk & dairy decrease risk

Answer 14

colorectal cancer

Question 15

BMI increase risk

Answer 15

esophagus, pancreas, colorectal, postmenopausal breast, kidney, endometrium cancers, gallbladder cancer

Question 16

BMI decrease risk

Answer 16

premenopausal breast cancer

Question 17

Tallness increase risk

Answer 17

colorectal, postmenopausal breast, premenopausual breast, ovary, pancreas cancer

Question 18

Tallness decrease risk

Answer 18

none

Question 19

Physical activity increase risk

Answer 19

none

Question 20

Physical activity decrease risk

Answer 20

colon, postmenopausal breast, endometrial cancer

Question 21

Fruits & vegetables increase risk

Answer 21

none

Question 22

Fruits & vegetables decrease risk

Answer 22

mouth, larynx, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, lung (only for fruits)

Question 23

Red/processed meat increase risk

Answer 23

colorectal, pancreatic cancer

Question 24

Red/processed decrease risk

Answer 24

none

Question 25

Alcohol increase risk

Answer 25

mouth, pharynx, larynx, esophagus, colorectal, pre- & postmenopausal breast, liver cancer

Question 26

Alcohol decrease risk

Answer 26

none

Question 27

Salty food increase risk

Answer 27

stomach cancer

Question 28

Salty food decrease risk

Answer 28

none

Question 29

Supplements increase risk

Answer 29

lung cancer (beta-carotene supplements)

Question 30

Supplements decrease risk

Answer 30

colorectal cancer (calcium)

Question 31

Breastfeeding increase risk

Answer 31

none

Question 32

Breastfeeding decrease risk

Answer 32

pre & post menopausal breast cancer

Question 33

EPIC study of AICR

Answer 33

1 point increase = 5% lower risk of total cancers, 12% less colorectal cancer & 16% less stomach cancer; does not reduce prostate, ovarian, pancreatic & bladder cancers

Question 34

During cancer treatment

Answer 34

Priority is weight maintenance/ stabilization/ gain; Poor nutritional status linked to decreased response to anti-neoplastic therapy and decreased survival & quality of life

Question 35

Obesity paradox

Answer 35

Obesity increases incidence of cancer, but better able to survive