Cancer Metastasis

Question 1

what main factor affects the opportunity for metastases forming

Answer 1

increased blood vessels in the tumour

Question 2

what are the three modes by which tumour can spread

Answer 2

bloodstream, lymphatic system and transcoelemic

Question 3

the liver is a common metastatic site from what cancer

Answer 3

colorectal

Question 4

axial bone is a common metastatic site from what cancers

Answer 4

breast and prostate

Question 5

the omentum is a common metastatic site from which cancer

Answer 5

ovarian

Question 6

the lung is a common metastatic site

Answer 6

true

Question 7

the spleen is a common metastatic site

Answer 7

false

Question 8

the kidney is not a common metastatic site

Answer 8

true

Question 9

the brain is a common metastatic site

Answer 9

true

Question 10

adrenal glands are not a common metastatic site

Answer 10

false

Question 11

skeletal muscle is a common metastatic site

Answer 11

false

Question 12

the heart is not a common metastatic site

Answer 12

true

Question 13

cachexia is…

Answer 13

weight loss associated with cancer

Question 14

what are local effects of a malignant tumour

Answer 14

tissue destruction, bleeding and pain from nerve pressure and perineural infiltration

Question 15

what are the systemic effects of a malignant tumour?

Answer 15

cachexia, normal and abnormal hormone secretion and paraneoplastic syndromes

Question 16

what are the 4 main types of tumour biomarkers

Answer 16

oncofetal proteins, oncogene, growth factors/receptors and immune checkpoint inhibitors

Question 17

what is the key biomarker of hepatocellular carcinoma and testicular teratomas?

Answer 17

alpha-feto protein

Question 18

what cancer is Kras a biomarker for!

Answer 18

colorectal

Question 19

what cancer is braf a biomarker for?

Answer 19

melanoma

Question 20

the biomarkers for lung cancer are…

Answer 20

EGFR and PD-L1

Question 21

her2 is a biomarker for…

Answer 21

breast cancer